Web Technologies and History Quiz

Adobe Acrobat Reader was the first third-party software to extend Netscape Navigator, enabling in-browser PDF viewing via a plugin. Flash came later as FutureSplash, Java was integrated by Netscape, and RealPlayer was also a subsequent plugin.

Firefox 3.x disabled SSL 2.0 by default due to security vulnerabilities; it only supports SSL 2.0 when users explicitly enable it in about:config advanced settings. Modern browsers use SSL 3.0 and TLS instead.

The semantic Web aims to make web data machine-readable by adding metadata and structure, enabling computers to understand meaning and context rather than just display content for humans. This facilitates intelligent data processing and integration.

Internet Explorer 5.0 introduced the XMLHttpRequest object (originally an ActiveX control), which enabled asynchronous background data requests. This innovation laid the foundation for AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML), revolutionizing web application development.

Gopher was an early application-layer protocol designed for distributing, searching, and retrieving documents over the Internet. It organized content in hierarchical menus, making it easier to navigate than FTP, but was eventually replaced by the more flexible and multimedia-capable World Wide Web.

WorldWideWeb, the world's first web browser created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990, was developed and ran exclusively on the NeXTStep operating system platform.

FutureSplash Animator was a vector graphics and animation software developed in the mid-1990s, which later evolved into Macromedia Flash. It allowed web browsers to display scalable vector graphics and animations that could scale without quality loss, unlike raster images.

HTML5 explicitly deprecated presentational tags like font in favor of CSS, so it would not add more formatting attributes to the font tag. The other options describe actual HTML5 features: the Canvas API creates dynamic bitmapped images, the Web Storage API provides client-side data persistence, and native audio/video tags were introduced.

Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989 while working at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research. He developed the first web server, web browser, and the fundamental protocols (HTTP, HTML) that form the foundation of the modern web.

Pizza Hut was one of the first major companies to offer online ordering in 1994, predating Amazon (1995) and eBay (1995). This early e-commerce experiment allowed customers to order pizza for delivery through their web browser, making it one of the first real-world commercial transactions on the Web.

AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) is a technique that allows web applications to send and retrieve data from a server asynchronously, without interfering with the display and behavior of the existing page. This enables dynamic updates to portions of a webpage without requiring a full page refresh.

XHTML requires all tags to be properly closed, element and attribute names to be lowercase, and a valid XHTML DOCTYPE declaration. However, the name attribute for img tags is not required - the alt attribute is required for accessibility, but name is optional and deprecated in favor of id in XHTML 1.0 Strict and HTML5.

CSS is called "cascading" because style rules cascade down from one style sheet to another through inheritance and specificity, allowing a style sheet to inherit and override properties from parent sheets or browser defaults.

STS stands for SharePoint Team Services, which was the earlier name for Windows SharePoint Services (WSS) before it was rebranded. SharePoint Team Services was the first version of Microsoft's collaboration platform, later evolving into WSS 2.0 and then WSS 3.0.

Windows SharePoint Services (WSS) had major versions 2.0 and 3.0. WSS 2.0 was released with SharePoint Portal Server 2003, and WSS 3.0 was released with Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007. There was no official WSS 2.5 or 4.0 release - WSS 4.0 does not exist as Microsoft moved to SharePoint Foundation 2010 instead.

When a master page is customized in SharePoint, the customized version is stored in the content database rather than on the file system. This allows the customized master page to be backed up, migrated, and versioned along with the rest of the site's content, while the uncustomized master page definition remains on the file system.

XML stands for EXtensible Markup Language. The 'X' represents EXtensible, emphasizing that users can define their own tags and document structures, making it flexible for diverse data representation needs.

XML was indeed designed to transport and store data with focus on what data is, rather than how it looks. This separation of content from presentation is a fundamental XML principle, unlike HTML which emphasizes display.