Verbal Test - 22

Directions: The sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five words or sets of words labeled (1) to (5). Choose the word or set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.

The ground reality demanded _______ administrative measures which were being ______ due to variety of reasons.

Directions: The sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five words or sets of words labeled (1) to (5). Choose the word or set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.

The _______ din reached an ear-splitting __________ and stopped, thus ending the nuisance.

Directions: The following question tests your ability to recognize grammar and usage errors. The sentence contains either a single error or no error at all. No sentence contains more than one error. The error, if there is one, is underlined and lettered. If the sentence contains an error, select the underlined part that must be changed to make the sentence correct. If the sentence is correct, select choice (E). In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

Mathematics is (A) similar to empirical sciences in that it involves an objective, careful and systematic study of (B) an area of knowledge; it is (C) different due to its method of verifying its knowledge, (D) using a priori rather than empirical methods. (E) No error

Directions: The following question tests your ability to recognize grammar and usage errors. The sentence contains either a single error or no error at all. No sentence contains more than one error. The error, if there is one, is underlined and lettered. If the sentence contains an error, select the underlined part that must be changed to make the sentence correct. If the sentence is correct, select choice (E). In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

Activities (A) that increase self-awareness (B) strengthen relationship with others and (C) that build a (D) connection to the universe are more appropriate for a school setting. (E) No error

Directions: The following question tests your ability to recognize grammar and usage errors. The sentence contains either a single error or no error at all. No sentence contains more than one error. The error, if there is one, is underlined and lettered. If the sentence contains an error, select the underlined part that must be changed to make the sentence correct. If the sentence is correct, select choice (E). In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

(A) The researches in the past few years have thrown light (B) on many facts relating to the physiology of man and woman, and the (C) diseases to which they are subject, and consequently (D) many reforms have taken place in the treatment and prevention of diseases. (E) No error

Directions: The sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five words or sets of words labeled (1) to (5). Choose the word or set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.

In countries like India, _______ is a norm and business appointments are _______ met on time.

Directions: The following question tests your ability to recognize grammar and usage errors. The sentence contains either a single error or no error at all. No sentence contains more than one error. The error, if there is one, is underlined and lettered. If the sentence contains an error, select the underlined part that must be changed to make the sentence correct. If the sentence is correct, select choice (E). In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

The world is full of ignorance, and (A) the ignorant will always criticize, (B) because they (C) live to suffer ills, for they (D) know no better. (E) No error

Directions: The following sentence tests correctness and effectiveness of expression. Part of the sentence or the entire sentence is underlined. Beneath the sentence are five ways of phrasing the underlined material. Choice (1) repeats the original phrasing; the other four choices are different. If you think the original phrasing produces a better sentence than any of the alternatives, select choice (1). If not, select one of the other choices.

Concealing the footmen in a thicket, at the head of thirty horsemen, he rode boldly to the gates of the castle.

Directions: The following question tests your ability to recognize grammar and usage errors. The sentence contains either a single error or no error at all. No sentence contains more than one error. The error, if there is one, is underlined and lettered. If the sentence contains an error, select the underlined part that must be changed to make the sentence correct. If the sentence is correct, select choice (E). In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

Each of (A) the five constraints, social, cultural, aesthetic, artistic (B) and moral are important to define (C) the constituents of dance; (D) dance disciplines also exist in sports such as gymnastics, figure skating, and synchronized swimming. (E) No error

Directions: The following question tests your ability to recognize grammar and usage errors. The sentence contains either a single error or no error at all. No sentence contains more than one error. The error, if there is one, is underlined and lettered. If the sentence contains an error, select the underlined part that must be changed to make the sentence correct. If the sentence is correct, select choice (E). In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

The better plan, however, is to (A) so educate and enlighten old and young (B) about the important subjects of health, (C) so that the necessity to (D) call a physician may occur less frequently. (E) No error

Directions: The sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five words or sets of words labeled (1) to (5). Choose the word or set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.

The company was ordered to ___________ Mehta for the costs he had _________ in his unsolicited freelance investigations.

Directions: The sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five words or sets of words labeled (1) to (5). Choose the word or set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.

He absorbed the communist _________ of an ideal society where the lowliest peasants would enjoy ______ prosperity.

Directions: The following sentence tests correctness and effectiveness of expression. Part of the sentence or the entire sentence is underlined. Beneath the sentence are five ways of phrasing the underlined material. Choice (1) repeats the original phrasing; the other four choices are different. If you think the original phrasing produces a better sentence than any of the alternatives, select choice (1). If not, select one of the other choices.

Scientists are still a long way of a cure for AIDS.

Directions: The sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five words or sets of words labeled (1) to (5). Choose the word or set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.

He prevented the _________ poetry that ________ up within me from gushing out.

Directions: The following sentence tests correctness and effectiveness of expression. Part of the sentence or the entire sentence is underlined. Beneath the sentence are five ways of phrasing the underlined material. Choice (1) repeats the original phrasing; the other four choices are different. If you think the original phrasing produces a better sentence than any of the alternatives, select choice (1). If not, select one of the other choices.

Poecilotheria Nallamalar is a shy but lethal, palm sized ambush predator that preyed on lizards, insects and small snakes injecting them with deadly venom before sucking out their body fluids.

Directions: The following sentence tests correctness and effectiveness of expression. Part of the sentence or the entire sentence is underlined. Beneath the sentence are five ways of phrasing the underlined material. Choice (1) repeats the original phrasing; the other four choices are different. If you think the original phrasing produces a better sentence than any of the alternatives, select choice (1). If not, select one of the other choices.

One might suspect that osteoarthritis is a disease in relation to elder population only but surprisingly statistics reveal that it can strike at any age.

Directions: The following sentence tests correctness and effectiveness of expression. Part of the sentence or the entire sentence is underlined. Beneath the sentence are five ways of phrasing the underlined material. Choice (1) repeats the original phrasing; the other four choices are different. If you think the original phrasing produces a better sentence than any of the alternatives, select choice (1). If not, select one of the other choices.

By speaking of this school with reverence, for the good it has done, by the assertion of historic truth and of its legitimate authority over the minds of men, I am proud of it.

Directions: The following sentence tests correctness and effectiveness of expression. Part of the sentence or the entire sentence is underlined. Beneath the sentence are five ways of phrasing the underlined material. Choice (1) repeats the original phrasing; the other four choices are different. If you think the original phrasing produces a better sentence than any of the alternatives, select choice (1). If not, select one of the other choices.

The magazine contains a considerable number of words, and a few consecutive texts transcribed partly or wholly in the new system of spelling and these necessarily will have to be assessed as evidence of contemporary English pronunciation by students of the subject.

The following can be inferred from both the passages:
(I) Both deal in different subjects yet the essence of vision is similar.
(II) Both passages relate to American belief in the Almighty.
(III) Both describe America's struggle to evolve as a society with cultural and ethnic compatibility.

Answer this question based on the following passages.
Passage 1

We have had many opportunities of hearing
public speakers in America cast doubts upon
the very existence of God and of Providence,
question the historic nature or veracity of the
(5) whole fabric of Christianity; but never has it
been our fortune to catch the slightest
whisper of doubt, the slightest want of faith,
in the chief God of America—unlimited belief
in the future of America. The faith of
(10) Americans in their own country is religious,
if not in its intensity, at any rate in its almost
absolute and universal authority. It pervades
the air we breathe. As children we hear it
asserted or implied in the conversation of
(15) our elders.
The Land of Democracy has always
appealed to its more enthusiastic children
chiefly as a land of wonderful and more than
national possibilities. "Neither race nor
(20) tradition," says Professor Hugo Münsterberg,
"nor the actual past, binds the American to
his countrymen, but rather the future which
together they are building." This vision of a
better future is not, perhaps, as unclouded
(25)  for the present generation of Americans as
it was for certain former generations.
American life cannot with impunity be
wrenched violently from its moorings any
more than the life of a European country can;
(30) but our American past, compared to that of
any European country, has a character all
its own.
When, however, Americans talk of their
country as the Land of Promise, a question
(35) may well be raised as to precisely what they
mean. They mean, of course, in general, that
the future will have something better in store
for them individually and collectively than has
the past or the present; but a very superficial
(40) analysis of this meaning discloses certain
ambiguities. How is this Promise to be
 fulfilled? Will it fulfill itself, or does it imply
certain responsibilities? If so, what
responsibilities?

Passage 2
In whatever way the present civil war in
America shall result, it is certain that the
future condition of the colored race in this
country will be the question over-mastering
(5) all others for many years to come. Had
 there been no slavery, there would have been
no war. A desire for a separate confederacy
was the final cause, yet had slavery not
stood in this country there would not have
(10) come into being that peculiar state of
society which now lives in the Southern
States, and which demands for its very
existence that it should rule alone. Slavery
has created an aristocracy, not of numbers,
(15) but of wealth and power, which bears with
all the social forces. While the slave-holder
are but a very small minority of the whole
people, yet by the force of their wealth and
the fact of their being slave owners, they
(20) hold all the political power, and indeed,
sweep out of existence any opposition.
There are, with very rare exceptions
throughout the whole South, but two classes
--free and slave, or we may say, slave-holders
(25) and slaves, for the non slave-holders are
completely lost; they work in with it, and are
indeed a part of it. Anything which strikes at
slavery strikes at the root of this power; to
destroy slavery would be to blot it out of
(30) existence.
We were content to let it live if it did not
ubjugate other lands, but the events have
crowded us far beyond that. Those of us who
have for a life time been doing what we could
(35) to hasten forward this day, who have spoken
and written and suffered for it, in the new
atmosphere which we breathe are like men
that dream. We know that it would come; we
hoped to live long enough to see the day. We
(40) see it and are glad, we did not think to see it
soon, it has come so suddenly, it shines so
broadly and with so rich a promise for the
nation as a whole that we recognize it as
God's day; we see His wonder-working power
(45) moving marvelously; we behold how God has
taken the work into His own hand; how He has
made slavery destroy itself.
The colored race is here, here for a long time it
will remain; it will not--it will not remain in slavery;
(50) it will and must by-and-by be free. We, as an
American people, must, in God's fear and with
many a cry for His help, bravely deal with it. We
need not now go back and stand sighing over
the past, and mourning that we did not a century
(55) ago meet it and escape the mighty work and
sorrow of today; we cannot put it away any longer.

The term “rent”, as used in line 12 of the passage, could most likely mean

Answer this question based on the following passage.

            That tectonic earthquakes are closely 
            connected with the formation of faults 
            seems now established beyond doubt. 
            They occur far from all traces of recent
(5)        volcanic action. Their isoseismic lines 
            are elongated in directions parallel to 
            known faults. Indeed, when several 
            isoseismics are carefully drawn, it is 
            possible from their form and relative 
(10)      position to predict the position of the 
            originating fault.The initial formation and 
            further spreading of the rent may be the 
            cause of a few earthquakes, but by far the 
            larger number are due to the subsequent 
(15)      growth of the fault. The relative displacement
            of the rocks adjoining the fault, which may 
            amount to thousands of feet, occasionally 
            even to miles, is the result, not of one great
            movement, but of innumerable slips taking 
(20)      place in different parts of the fault and spread
            over vast ages of time. With every fault-slip,
            intense friction is suddenly brought into action
            by the rubbing of one mass of rock against the
            other; and, according to the modern view, it is 
(25)      this friction that gives rise to the earthquake 
            waves.
            In most earthquakes, the slip takes place at a 
            considerable depth, several miles down, and 
            the vertical slip is so small that it dies out 
(30)      before reaching the surface. But, in a few 
            violent earthquakes, the slip is continued up 
            to the surface and is left visible there as a 
            small cliff or fault-scarp. In these cases, the 
            sudden spring of the crust may increase and 
(35)      complicate the effects of the vibratory shock.

The main point of difference between the two passages is:

Answer this question based on the following passages.
Passage 1

We have had many opportunities of hearing
public speakers in America cast doubts upon
the very existence of God and of Providence,
question the historic nature or veracity of the
(5) whole fabric of Christianity; but never has it
been our fortune to catch the slightest
whisper of doubt, the slightest want of faith,
in the chief God of America—unlimited belief
in the future of America. The faith of
(10) Americans in their own country is religious,
if not in its intensity, at any rate in its almost
absolute and universal authority. It pervades
the air we breathe. As children we hear it
asserted or implied in the conversation of
(15) our elders.
The Land of Democracy has always
appealed to its more enthusiastic children
chiefly as a land of wonderful and more than
national possibilities. "Neither race nor
(20) tradition," says Professor Hugo Münsterberg,
"nor the actual past, binds the American to
his countrymen, but rather the future which
together they are building." This vision of a
better future is not, perhaps, as unclouded
(25)  for the present generation of Americans as
it was for certain former generations.
American life cannot with impunity be
wrenched violently from its moorings any
more than the life of a European country can;
(30) but our American past, compared to that of
any European country, has a character all
its own.
When, however, Americans talk of their
country as the Land of Promise, a question
(35) may well be raised as to precisely what they
mean. They mean, of course, in general, that
the future will have something better in store
for them individually and collectively than has
the past or the present; but a very superficial
(40) analysis of this meaning discloses certain
ambiguities. How is this Promise to be
 fulfilled? Will it fulfill itself, or does it imply
certain responsibilities? If so, what
responsibilities?

Passage 2
In whatever way the present civil war in
America shall result, it is certain that the
future condition of the colored race in this
country will be the question over-mastering
(5) all others for many years to come. Had
 there been no slavery, there would have been
no war. A desire for a separate confederacy
was the final cause, yet had slavery not
stood in this country there would not have
(10) come into being that peculiar state of
society which now lives in the Southern
States, and which demands for its very
existence that it should rule alone. Slavery
has created an aristocracy, not of numbers,
(15) but of wealth and power, which bears with
all the social forces. While the slave-holder
are but a very small minority of the whole
people, yet by the force of their wealth and
the fact of their being slave owners, they
(20) hold all the political power, and indeed,
sweep out of existence any opposition.
There are, with very rare exceptions
throughout the whole South, but two classes
--free and slave, or we may say, slave-holders
(25) and slaves, for the non slave-holders are
completely lost; they work in with it, and are
indeed a part of it. Anything which strikes at
slavery strikes at the root of this power; to
destroy slavery would be to blot it out of
(30) existence.
We were content to let it live if it did not
ubjugate other lands, but the events have
crowded us far beyond that. Those of us who
have for a life time been doing what we could
(35) to hasten forward this day, who have spoken
and written and suffered for it, in the new
atmosphere which we breathe are like men
that dream. We know that it would come; we
hoped to live long enough to see the day. We
(40) see it and are glad, we did not think to see it
soon, it has come so suddenly, it shines so
broadly and with so rich a promise for the
nation as a whole that we recognize it as
God's day; we see His wonder-working power
(45) moving marvelously; we behold how God has
taken the work into His own hand; how He has
made slavery destroy itself.
The colored race is here, here for a long time it
will remain; it will not--it will not remain in slavery;
(50) it will and must by-and-by be free. We, as an
American people, must, in God's fear and with
many a cry for His help, bravely deal with it. We
need not now go back and stand sighing over
the past, and mourning that we did not a century
(55) ago meet it and escape the mighty work and
sorrow of today; we cannot put it away any longer.

Which of the following statements can be directly inferred from the above passage?

Questions are based on the following passages.

            The belief that the Africans brought to London
            to be sold into slavery were at the time in a
            more or less primitive stage of uncivilized life;
            pales in comparison to the methods used to
(5)        capture and transport them to this "land of the
            free and home of the brave". The details,
            brought forth through vivid pen pictures,
            indicate the demoralizing and debasing effects
            of the "system" from its initial period, followed
(10)       up by the blighting influences of slave life, even
            under the most favorable conditions, for nearly
            two hundred and fifty years. This left upon their
            lives and character just the traits it would have
            left upon any other people subjected to similar
(15)       conditions for the same length of time.
            The argument that slavery gave the African
            some of the arts of civilized life; while denying
            him the inalienable rights of manhood, denying
            him the right to the product of his labor, does
(20)       not hold water as it left him no noble incentive to
            labor at these arts, and thus tended to render him
            improvident, careless, shiftless, in short, to
            demoralize his entire nature.

The author in passage 1 has used all, except

Answer this question based on the following passages.
Passage 1

We have had many opportunities of hearing
public speakers in America cast doubts upon
the very existence of God and of Providence,
question the historic nature or veracity of the
(5) whole fabric of Christianity; but never has it
been our fortune to catch the slightest
whisper of doubt, the slightest want of faith,
in the chief God of America—unlimited belief
in the future of America. The faith of
(10) Americans in their own country is religious,
if not in its intensity, at any rate in its almost
absolute and universal authority. It pervades
the air we breathe. As children we hear it
asserted or implied in the conversation of
(15) our elders.
The Land of Democracy has always
appealed to its more enthusiastic children
chiefly as a land of wonderful and more than
national possibilities. "Neither race nor
(20) tradition," says Professor Hugo Münsterberg,
"nor the actual past, binds the American to
his countrymen, but rather the future which
together they are building." This vision of a
better future is not, perhaps, as unclouded
(25)  for the present generation of Americans as
it was for certain former generations.
American life cannot with impunity be
wrenched violently from its moorings any
more than the life of a European country can;
(30) but our American past, compared to that of
any European country, has a character all
its own.
When, however, Americans talk of their
country as the Land of Promise, a question
(35) may well be raised as to precisely what they
mean. They mean, of course, in general, that
the future will have something better in store
for them individually and collectively than has
the past or the present; but a very superficial
(40) analysis of this meaning discloses certain
ambiguities. How is this Promise to be
 fulfilled? Will it fulfill itself, or does it imply
certain responsibilities? If so, what
responsibilities?

Passage 2
In whatever way the present civil war in
America shall result, it is certain that the
future condition of the colored race in this
country will be the question over-mastering
(5) all others for many years to come. Had
 there been no slavery, there would have been
no war. A desire for a separate confederacy
was the final cause, yet had slavery not
stood in this country there would not have
(10) come into being that peculiar state of
society which now lives in the Southern
States, and which demands for its very
existence that it should rule alone. Slavery
has created an aristocracy, not of numbers,
(15) but of wealth and power, which bears with
all the social forces. While the slave-holder
are but a very small minority of the whole
people, yet by the force of their wealth and
the fact of their being slave owners, they
(20) hold all the political power, and indeed,
sweep out of existence any opposition.
There are, with very rare exceptions
throughout the whole South, but two classes
--free and slave, or we may say, slave-holders
(25) and slaves, for the non slave-holders are
completely lost; they work in with it, and are
indeed a part of it. Anything which strikes at
slavery strikes at the root of this power; to
destroy slavery would be to blot it out of
(30) existence.
We were content to let it live if it did not
ubjugate other lands, but the events have
crowded us far beyond that. Those of us who
have for a life time been doing what we could
(35) to hasten forward this day, who have spoken
and written and suffered for it, in the new
atmosphere which we breathe are like men
that dream. We know that it would come; we
hoped to live long enough to see the day. We
(40) see it and are glad, we did not think to see it
soon, it has come so suddenly, it shines so
broadly and with so rich a promise for the
nation as a whole that we recognize it as
God's day; we see His wonder-working power
(45) moving marvelously; we behold how God has
taken the work into His own hand; how He has
made slavery destroy itself.
The colored race is here, here for a long time it
will remain; it will not--it will not remain in slavery;
(50) it will and must by-and-by be free. We, as an
American people, must, in God's fear and with
many a cry for His help, bravely deal with it. We
need not now go back and stand sighing over
the past, and mourning that we did not a century
(55) ago meet it and escape the mighty work and
sorrow of today; we cannot put it away any longer.

The primary purpose of the passage is to describe

Answer this question based on the following passage.

            That tectonic earthquakes are closely 
            connected with the formation of faults 
            seems now established beyond doubt. 
            They occur far from all traces of recent
(5)        volcanic action. Their isoseismic lines 
            are elongated in directions parallel to 
            known faults. Indeed, when several 
            isoseismics are carefully drawn, it is 
            possible from their form and relative 
(10)      position to predict the position of the 
            originating fault.The initial formation and 
            further spreading of the rent may be the 
            cause of a few earthquakes, but by far the 
            larger number are due to the subsequent 
(15)      growth of the fault. The relative displacement
            of the rocks adjoining the fault, which may 
            amount to thousands of feet, occasionally 
            even to miles, is the result, not of one great
            movement, but of innumerable slips taking 
(20)      place in different parts of the fault and spread
            over vast ages of time. With every fault-slip,
            intense friction is suddenly brought into action
            by the rubbing of one mass of rock against the
            other; and, according to the modern view, it is 
(25)      this friction that gives rise to the earthquake 
            waves.
            In most earthquakes, the slip takes place at a 
            considerable depth, several miles down, and 
            the vertical slip is so small that it dies out 
(30)      before reaching the surface. But, in a few 
            violent earthquakes, the slip is continued up 
            to the surface and is left visible there as a 
            small cliff or fault-scarp. In these cases, the 
            sudden spring of the crust may increase and 
(35)      complicate the effects of the vibratory shock.

“Land of promise” in passage 1, line 34 signifies

Answer this question based on the following passages.
Passage 1

We have had many opportunities of hearing
public speakers in America cast doubts upon
the very existence of God and of Providence,
question the historic nature or veracity of the
(5) whole fabric of Christianity; but never has it
been our fortune to catch the slightest
whisper of doubt, the slightest want of faith,
in the chief God of America—unlimited belief
in the future of America. The faith of
(10) Americans in their own country is religious,
if not in its intensity, at any rate in its almost
absolute and universal authority. It pervades
the air we breathe. As children we hear it
asserted or implied in the conversation of
(15) our elders.
The Land of Democracy has always
appealed to its more enthusiastic children
chiefly as a land of wonderful and more than
national possibilities. "Neither race nor
(20) tradition," says Professor Hugo Münsterberg,
"nor the actual past, binds the American to
his countrymen, but rather the future which
together they are building." This vision of a
better future is not, perhaps, as unclouded
(25)  for the present generation of Americans as
it was for certain former generations.
American life cannot with impunity be
wrenched violently from its moorings any
more than the life of a European country can;
(30) but our American past, compared to that of
any European country, has a character all
its own.
When, however, Americans talk of their
country as the Land of Promise, a question
(35) may well be raised as to precisely what they
mean. They mean, of course, in general, that
the future will have something better in store
for them individually and collectively than has
the past or the present; but a very superficial
(40) analysis of this meaning discloses certain
ambiguities. How is this Promise to be
 fulfilled? Will it fulfill itself, or does it imply
certain responsibilities? If so, what
responsibilities?

Passage 2
In whatever way the present civil war in
America shall result, it is certain that the
future condition of the colored race in this
country will be the question over-mastering
(5) all others for many years to come. Had
 there been no slavery, there would have been
no war. A desire for a separate confederacy
was the final cause, yet had slavery not
stood in this country there would not have
(10) come into being that peculiar state of
society which now lives in the Southern
States, and which demands for its very
existence that it should rule alone. Slavery
has created an aristocracy, not of numbers,
(15) but of wealth and power, which bears with
all the social forces. While the slave-holder
are but a very small minority of the whole
people, yet by the force of their wealth and
the fact of their being slave owners, they
(20) hold all the political power, and indeed,
sweep out of existence any opposition.
There are, with very rare exceptions
throughout the whole South, but two classes
--free and slave, or we may say, slave-holders
(25) and slaves, for the non slave-holders are
completely lost; they work in with it, and are
indeed a part of it. Anything which strikes at
slavery strikes at the root of this power; to
destroy slavery would be to blot it out of
(30) existence.
We were content to let it live if it did not
ubjugate other lands, but the events have
crowded us far beyond that. Those of us who
have for a life time been doing what we could
(35) to hasten forward this day, who have spoken
and written and suffered for it, in the new
atmosphere which we breathe are like men
that dream. We know that it would come; we
hoped to live long enough to see the day. We
(40) see it and are glad, we did not think to see it
soon, it has come so suddenly, it shines so
broadly and with so rich a promise for the
nation as a whole that we recognize it as
God's day; we see His wonder-working power
(45) moving marvelously; we behold how God has
taken the work into His own hand; how He has
made slavery destroy itself.
The colored race is here, here for a long time it
will remain; it will not--it will not remain in slavery;
(50) it will and must by-and-by be free. We, as an
American people, must, in God's fear and with
many a cry for His help, bravely deal with it. We
need not now go back and stand sighing over
the past, and mourning that we did not a century
(55) ago meet it and escape the mighty work and
sorrow of today; we cannot put it away any longer.

The central theme of passage 1 is

Answer this question based on the following passages.
Passage 1

We have had many opportunities of hearing
public speakers in America cast doubts upon
the very existence of God and of Providence,
question the historic nature or veracity of the
(5) whole fabric of Christianity; but never has it
been our fortune to catch the slightest
whisper of doubt, the slightest want of faith,
in the chief God of America—unlimited belief
in the future of America. The faith of
(10) Americans in their own country is religious,
if not in its intensity, at any rate in its almost
absolute and universal authority. It pervades
the air we breathe. As children we hear it
asserted or implied in the conversation of
(15) our elders.
The Land of Democracy has always
appealed to its more enthusiastic children
chiefly as a land of wonderful and more than
national possibilities. "Neither race nor
(20) tradition," says Professor Hugo Münsterberg,
"nor the actual past, binds the American to
his countrymen, but rather the future which
together they are building." This vision of a
better future is not, perhaps, as unclouded
(25)  for the present generation of Americans as
it was for certain former generations.
American life cannot with impunity be
wrenched violently from its moorings any
more than the life of a European country can;
(30) but our American past, compared to that of
any European country, has a character all
its own.
When, however, Americans talk of their
country as the Land of Promise, a question
(35) may well be raised as to precisely what they
mean. They mean, of course, in general, that
the future will have something better in store
for them individually and collectively than has
the past or the present; but a very superficial
(40) analysis of this meaning discloses certain
ambiguities. How is this Promise to be
 fulfilled? Will it fulfill itself, or does it imply
certain responsibilities? If so, what
responsibilities?

Passage 2
In whatever way the present civil war in
America shall result, it is certain that the
future condition of the colored race in this
country will be the question over-mastering
(5) all others for many years to come. Had
 there been no slavery, there would have been
no war. A desire for a separate confederacy
was the final cause, yet had slavery not
stood in this country there would not have
(10) come into being that peculiar state of
society which now lives in the Southern
States, and which demands for its very
existence that it should rule alone. Slavery
has created an aristocracy, not of numbers,
(15) but of wealth and power, which bears with
all the social forces. While the slave-holder
are but a very small minority of the whole
people, yet by the force of their wealth and
the fact of their being slave owners, they
(20) hold all the political power, and indeed,
sweep out of existence any opposition.
There are, with very rare exceptions
throughout the whole South, but two classes
--free and slave, or we may say, slave-holders
(25) and slaves, for the non slave-holders are
completely lost; they work in with it, and are
indeed a part of it. Anything which strikes at
slavery strikes at the root of this power; to
destroy slavery would be to blot it out of
(30) existence.
We were content to let it live if it did not
ubjugate other lands, but the events have
crowded us far beyond that. Those of us who
have for a life time been doing what we could
(35) to hasten forward this day, who have spoken
and written and suffered for it, in the new
atmosphere which we breathe are like men
that dream. We know that it would come; we
hoped to live long enough to see the day. We
(40) see it and are glad, we did not think to see it
soon, it has come so suddenly, it shines so
broadly and with so rich a promise for the
nation as a whole that we recognize it as
God's day; we see His wonder-working power
(45) moving marvelously; we behold how God has
taken the work into His own hand; how He has
made slavery destroy itself.
The colored race is here, here for a long time it
will remain; it will not--it will not remain in slavery;
(50) it will and must by-and-by be free. We, as an
American people, must, in God's fear and with
many a cry for His help, bravely deal with it. We
need not now go back and stand sighing over
the past, and mourning that we did not a century
(55) ago meet it and escape the mighty work and
sorrow of today; we cannot put it away any longer.

Why is ignorance no longer considered the 'mother of purity'?

Answer this question based on the following passage.

            The old maxim, that "Knowledge is Power," 
            is a true one, but there is still a greater truth:
            "Knowledge Is Safety." Safety amid physical
            ills that beset mankind, and safety amid the
(5)        moral pitfalls that surround so many young 
            people, is the crying demand of the age. 
            Research has thrown light on many facts 
            relating to the physiology of man and 
            woman, and the diseases to which they are
(10)      subject, and consequently many reformations
            have taken place in the treatment and 
            prevention of diseases. Any information bearing
            upon the diseases of mankind should not be
            kept under lock and key. The physician is
(15)      frequently called upon to speak in plain 
            language to his patients about disease 
            contracted on account of ignorance. The 
            better plan, however, is to so educate and 
            enlighten old and young upon the important 
(20)      subjects of health, that the necessity to 
            call a physician may occur less frequently.
            A large, respectable, though diminishing 
            class in every community, maintain that 
            nothing that relates exclusively to either sex 
(25)      should become the subject of popular medical
            instruction. But such an opinion is radically 
            wrong; ignorance is no more the mother of 
            purity than it is of religion. The tendency in 
            the right direction must be admitted, and is
(30)      perhaps most clearly shown in some of the 
            articles on prison reform. Preventive work is
            the truest economy. Some go so far as to say
            that if the present human knowledge of the
            laws of heredity were acted upon for a 
(35)      generation, reformatory measures would be 
            rendered unnecessary. 
            Perhaps nothing will so much hasten the time
            when body and mind will both be adequately 
            cared for, as a diffusion of the belief that the 
(40)      preservation of health is a duty. Few seem 
            conscious that there is such a thing as physical 
            morality. The fact is, all breaches of the law of 
            health are physical sins. Men's habitual words 
            and acts imply that they are at liberty to treat 
(45)      their bodies as they please. Though the evil
            consequences inflicted on their descendents 
            and on future generations are often as great 
            as those caused by crime, they do not think 
            themselves in any degree criminal. Purity of 
(50)      purpose and purity of character, after all, 
            are the brightest jewels in the crown of 
            immortality.

How, according to the author, the 'better plan' becomes better?

Answer this question based on the following passage.

            The old maxim, that "Knowledge is Power," 
            is a true one, but there is still a greater truth:
            "Knowledge Is Safety." Safety amid physical
            ills that beset mankind, and safety amid the
(5)        moral pitfalls that surround so many young 
            people, is the crying demand of the age. 
            Research has thrown light on many facts 
            relating to the physiology of man and 
            woman, and the diseases to which they are
(10)      subject, and consequently many reformations
            have taken place in the treatment and 
            prevention of diseases. Any information bearing
            upon the diseases of mankind should not be
            kept under lock and key. The physician is
(15)      frequently called upon to speak in plain 
            language to his patients about disease 
            contracted on account of ignorance. The 
            better plan, however, is to so educate and 
            enlighten old and young upon the important 
(20)      subjects of health, that the necessity to 
            call a physician may occur less frequently.
            A large, respectable, though diminishing 
            class in every community, maintain that 
            nothing that relates exclusively to either sex 
(25)      should become the subject of popular medical
            instruction. But such an opinion is radically 
            wrong; ignorance is no more the mother of 
            purity than it is of religion. The tendency in 
            the right direction must be admitted, and is
(30)      perhaps most clearly shown in some of the 
            articles on prison reform. Preventive work is
            the truest economy. Some go so far as to say
            that if the present human knowledge of the
            laws of heredity were acted upon for a 
(35)      generation, reformatory measures would be 
            rendered unnecessary. 
            Perhaps nothing will so much hasten the time
            when body and mind will both be adequately 
            cared for, as a diffusion of the belief that the 
(40)      preservation of health is a duty. Few seem 
            conscious that there is such a thing as physical 
            morality. The fact is, all breaches of the law of 
            health are physical sins. Men's habitual words 
            and acts imply that they are at liberty to treat 
(45)      their bodies as they please. Though the evil
            consequences inflicted on their descendents 
            and on future generations are often as great 
            as those caused by crime, they do not think 
            themselves in any degree criminal. Purity of 
(50)      purpose and purity of character, after all, 
            are the brightest jewels in the crown of 
            immortality.

The author puts the phrase "land of the free and home of the brave" (lines 5 - 6) in quotes in order to

Questions are based on the following passages.

            The belief that the Africans brought to London
            to be sold into slavery were at the time in a
            more or less primitive stage of uncivilized life;
            pales in comparison to the methods used to
(5)        capture and transport them to this "land of the
            free and home of the brave". The details,
            brought forth through vivid pen pictures,
            indicate the demoralizing and debasing effects
            of the "system" from its initial period, followed
(10)       up by the blighting influences of slave life, even
            under the most favorable conditions, for nearly
            two hundred and fifty years. This left upon their
            lives and character just the traits it would have
            left upon any other people subjected to similar
(15)       conditions for the same length of time.
            The argument that slavery gave the African
            some of the arts of civilized life; while denying
            him the inalienable rights of manhood, denying
            him the right to the product of his labor, does
(20)       not hold water as it left him no noble incentive to
            labor at these arts, and thus tended to render him
            improvident, careless, shiftless, in short, to
            demoralize his entire nature.

What is the best way to deal with sentence 13?

Directions: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answer for the question that follows. Keep in mind that some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask to consider organization and development. In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

[1] Towards the ending of the summer of 1917 it was being very hot in New York, and hotter still aboard the transatlantic liner. [2] One glance at our cabins, at the crowded decks and the dining-room, sufficed to bring home to us that the days of luxurious sea travel, of a la carte restaurants, and Louis Seize bedrooms were gone - at least for a period. [3] The prospect of a voyage of nearly two weeks was not enticing. [4] The ship, to be sure, was far from being the best of those still running on a line which had gained a magic reputation of immunity from submarines; three years ago she carried only second and third class passengers! [5] But most of us were in a hurry to get to the countries where war had already become a grim and terrible reality. [6] In one way or another we had all enrolled. [7] The first welcome discovery among the crowd wandering aimlessly and somewhat disconsolately about the decks was the cheerful face of a friend whom at first I did not recognize because of his amazing disguise in uniform. [8] He had been associated in my mind with dinner parties and clubs. [9] That life was past. [10] He had laid up his yacht and joined the Red Cross and, henceforth, for an indeterminable period, he was to abide amidst the discomforts and dangers of the Western Front. [11] The likewise cheerful members of a group whom I found gathered by the after rail were similarly attired. [12] Two well-known specialists from the Gens General Hospital made significant contributions to serve the people of France which was almost doctorless. [13] When I reached France it seemed to me that I met all the celebrated medical men I ever heard of. [14] A third in the group was a business man from the Middle West who had wound up his affairs and left a startled family in charge of a trust company. [15] Though his physical activities had hitherto consisted of an occasional mild game of golf, he wore his khaki like an old campaigner; and he seemed undaunted by the prospect - still somewhat remotely ahead of him - of a journey across the Atlantic to the active war zone.

What is the best way to deal with sentence 12?

Directions: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answer for the question that follows. Keep in mind that some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask to consider organization and development. In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

[1] Towards the ending of the summer of 1917 it was being very hot in New York, and hotter still aboard the transatlantic liner. [2] One glance at our cabins, at the crowded decks and the dining-room, sufficed to bring home to us that the days of luxurious sea travel, of a la carte restaurants, and Louis Seize bedrooms were gone - at least for a period. [3] The prospect of a voyage of nearly two weeks was not enticing. [4] The ship, to be sure, was far from being the best of those still running on a line which had gained a magic reputation of immunity from submarines; three years ago she carried only second and third class passengers! [5] But most of us were in a hurry to get to the countries where war had already become a grim and terrible reality. [6] In one way or another we had all enrolled. [7] The first welcome discovery among the crowd wandering aimlessly and somewhat disconsolately about the decks was the cheerful face of a friend whom at first I did not recognize because of his amazing disguise in uniform. [8] He had been associated in my mind with dinner parties and clubs. [9] That life was past. [10] He had laid up his yacht and joined the Red Cross and, henceforth, for an indeterminable period, he was to abide amidst the discomforts and dangers of the Western Front. [11] The likewise cheerful members of a group whom I found gathered by the after rail were similarly attired. [12] Two well-known specialists from the Gens General Hospital made significant contributions to serve the people of France which was almost doctorless. [13] When I reached France it seemed to me that I met all the celebrated medical men I ever heard of. [14] A third in the group was a business man from the Middle West who had wound up his affairs and left a startled family in charge of a trust company. [15] Though his physical activities had hitherto consisted of an occasional mild game of golf, he wore his khaki like an old campaigner; and he seemed undaunted by the prospect - still somewhat remotely ahead of him - of a journey across the Atlantic to the active war zone.

What role does the last paragraph play in the passage?

Answer this question based on the following passage.

            The old maxim, that "Knowledge is Power," 
            is a true one, but there is still a greater truth:
            "Knowledge Is Safety." Safety amid physical
            ills that beset mankind, and safety amid the
(5)        moral pitfalls that surround so many young 
            people, is the crying demand of the age. 
            Research has thrown light on many facts 
            relating to the physiology of man and 
            woman, and the diseases to which they are
(10)      subject, and consequently many reformations
            have taken place in the treatment and 
            prevention of diseases. Any information bearing
            upon the diseases of mankind should not be
            kept under lock and key. The physician is
(15)      frequently called upon to speak in plain 
            language to his patients about disease 
            contracted on account of ignorance. The 
            better plan, however, is to so educate and 
            enlighten old and young upon the important 
(20)      subjects of health, that the necessity to 
            call a physician may occur less frequently.
            A large, respectable, though diminishing 
            class in every community, maintain that 
            nothing that relates exclusively to either sex 
(25)      should become the subject of popular medical
            instruction. But such an opinion is radically 
            wrong; ignorance is no more the mother of 
            purity than it is of religion. The tendency in 
            the right direction must be admitted, and is
(30)      perhaps most clearly shown in some of the 
            articles on prison reform. Preventive work is
            the truest economy. Some go so far as to say
            that if the present human knowledge of the
            laws of heredity were acted upon for a 
(35)      generation, reformatory measures would be 
            rendered unnecessary. 
            Perhaps nothing will so much hasten the time
            when body and mind will both be adequately 
            cared for, as a diffusion of the belief that the 
(40)      preservation of health is a duty. Few seem 
            conscious that there is such a thing as physical 
            morality. The fact is, all breaches of the law of 
            health are physical sins. Men's habitual words 
            and acts imply that they are at liberty to treat 
(45)      their bodies as they please. Though the evil
            consequences inflicted on their descendents 
            and on future generations are often as great 
            as those caused by crime, they do not think 
            themselves in any degree criminal. Purity of 
(50)      purpose and purity of character, after all, 
            are the brightest jewels in the crown of 
            immortality.

In context, which of the following is the best way to phrase sentence 11 (reproduced below)?
The likewise cheerful members of a group whom I found gathered by the after rail were similarly attired.

Directions: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answer for the question that follows. Keep in mind that some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask to consider organization and development. In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

[1] Towards the ending of the summer of 1917 it was being very hot in New York, and hotter still aboard the transatlantic liner. [2] One glance at our cabins, at the crowded decks and the dining-room, sufficed to bring home to us that the days of luxurious sea travel, of a la carte restaurants, and Louis Seize bedrooms were gone - at least for a period. [3] The prospect of a voyage of nearly two weeks was not enticing. [4] The ship, to be sure, was far from being the best of those still running on a line which had gained a magic reputation of immunity from submarines; three years ago she carried only second and third class passengers! [5] But most of us were in a hurry to get to the countries where war had already become a grim and terrible reality. [6] In one way or another we had all enrolled. [7] The first welcome discovery among the crowd wandering aimlessly and somewhat disconsolately about the decks was the cheerful face of a friend whom at first I did not recognize because of his amazing disguise in uniform. [8] He had been associated in my mind with dinner parties and clubs. [9] That life was past. [10] He had laid up his yacht and joined the Red Cross and, henceforth, for an indeterminable period, he was to abide amidst the discomforts and dangers of the Western Front. [11] The likewise cheerful members of a group whom I found gathered by the after rail were similarly attired. [12] Two well-known specialists from the Gens General Hospital made significant contributions to serve the people of France which was almost doctorless. [13] When I reached France it seemed to me that I met all the celebrated medical men I ever heard of. [14] A third in the group was a business man from the Middle West who had wound up his affairs and left a startled family in charge of a trust company. [15] Though his physical activities had hitherto consisted of an occasional mild game of golf, he wore his khaki like an old campaigner; and he seemed undaunted by the prospect - still somewhat remotely ahead of him - of a journey across the Atlantic to the active war zone.

Which of the following words/phrases best replaces the word “enrolled” in sentence 6?

Directions: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answer for the question that follows. Keep in mind that some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask to consider organization and development. In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

[1] Towards the ending of the summer of 1917 it was being very hot in New York, and hotter still aboard the transatlantic liner. [2] One glance at our cabins, at the crowded decks and the dining-room, sufficed to bring home to us that the days of luxurious sea travel, of a la carte restaurants, and Louis Seize bedrooms were gone - at least for a period. [3] The prospect of a voyage of nearly two weeks was not enticing. [4] The ship, to be sure, was far from being the best of those still running on a line which had gained a magic reputation of immunity from submarines; three years ago she carried only second and third class passengers! [5] But most of us were in a hurry to get to the countries where war had already become a grim and terrible reality. [6] In one way or another we had all enrolled. [7] The first welcome discovery among the crowd wandering aimlessly and somewhat disconsolately about the decks was the cheerful face of a friend whom at first I did not recognize because of his amazing disguise in uniform. [8] He had been associated in my mind with dinner parties and clubs. [9] That life was past. [10] He had laid up his yacht and joined the Red Cross and, henceforth, for an indeterminable period, he was to abide amidst the discomforts and dangers of the Western Front. [11] The likewise cheerful members of a group whom I found gathered by the after rail were similarly attired. [12] Two well-known specialists from the Gens General Hospital made significant contributions to serve the people of France which was almost doctorless. [13] When I reached France it seemed to me that I met all the celebrated medical men I ever heard of. [14] A third in the group was a business man from the Middle West who had wound up his affairs and left a startled family in charge of a trust company. [15] Though his physical activities had hitherto consisted of an occasional mild game of golf, he wore his khaki like an old campaigner; and he seemed undaunted by the prospect - still somewhat remotely ahead of him - of a journey across the Atlantic to the active war zone.

In context, which of the following is the best way to phrase the underlined portion of sentence 1 (reproduced below)?
Towards the ending of the summer of 1917 it was being very hot in New York, and hotter still aboard the transatlantic liner thrust between the piers.

Directions: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answer for the question that follows. Keep in mind that some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask to consider organization and development. In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

[1] Towards the ending of the summer of 1917 it was being very hot in New York, and hotter still aboard the transatlantic liner. [2] One glance at our cabins, at the crowded decks and the dining-room, sufficed to bring home to us that the days of luxurious sea travel, of a la carte restaurants, and Louis Seize bedrooms were gone - at least for a period. [3] The prospect of a voyage of nearly two weeks was not enticing. [4] The ship, to be sure, was far from being the best of those still running on a line which had gained a magic reputation of immunity from submarines; three years ago she carried only second and third class passengers! [5] But most of us were in a hurry to get to the countries where war had already become a grim and terrible reality. [6] In one way or another we had all enrolled. [7] The first welcome discovery among the crowd wandering aimlessly and somewhat disconsolately about the decks was the cheerful face of a friend whom at first I did not recognize because of his amazing disguise in uniform. [8] He had been associated in my mind with dinner parties and clubs. [9] That life was past. [10] He had laid up his yacht and joined the Red Cross and, henceforth, for an indeterminable period, he was to abide amidst the discomforts and dangers of the Western Front. [11] The likewise cheerful members of a group whom I found gathered by the after rail were similarly attired. [12] Two well-known specialists from the Gens General Hospital made significant contributions to serve the people of France which was almost doctorless. [13] When I reached France it seemed to me that I met all the celebrated medical men I ever heard of. [14] A third in the group was a business man from the Middle West who had wound up his affairs and left a startled family in charge of a trust company. [15] Though his physical activities had hitherto consisted of an occasional mild game of golf, he wore his khaki like an old campaigner; and he seemed undaunted by the prospect - still somewhat remotely ahead of him - of a journey across the Atlantic to the active war zone.

Why should information bearing upon disease not be kept under lock and key?

Answer this question based on the following passage.

            The old maxim, that "Knowledge is Power," 
            is a true one, but there is still a greater truth:
            "Knowledge Is Safety." Safety amid physical
            ills that beset mankind, and safety amid the
(5)        moral pitfalls that surround so many young 
            people, is the crying demand of the age. 
            Research has thrown light on many facts 
            relating to the physiology of man and 
            woman, and the diseases to which they are
(10)      subject, and consequently many reformations
            have taken place in the treatment and 
            prevention of diseases. Any information bearing
            upon the diseases of mankind should not be
            kept under lock and key. The physician is
(15)      frequently called upon to speak in plain 
            language to his patients about disease 
            contracted on account of ignorance. The 
            better plan, however, is to so educate and 
            enlighten old and young upon the important 
(20)      subjects of health, that the necessity to 
            call a physician may occur less frequently.
            A large, respectable, though diminishing 
            class in every community, maintain that 
            nothing that relates exclusively to either sex 
(25)      should become the subject of popular medical
            instruction. But such an opinion is radically 
            wrong; ignorance is no more the mother of 
            purity than it is of religion. The tendency in 
            the right direction must be admitted, and is
(30)      perhaps most clearly shown in some of the 
            articles on prison reform. Preventive work is
            the truest economy. Some go so far as to say
            that if the present human knowledge of the
            laws of heredity were acted upon for a 
(35)      generation, reformatory measures would be 
            rendered unnecessary. 
            Perhaps nothing will so much hasten the time
            when body and mind will both be adequately 
            cared for, as a diffusion of the belief that the 
(40)      preservation of health is a duty. Few seem 
            conscious that there is such a thing as physical 
            morality. The fact is, all breaches of the law of 
            health are physical sins. Men's habitual words 
            and acts imply that they are at liberty to treat 
(45)      their bodies as they please. Though the evil
            consequences inflicted on their descendents 
            and on future generations are often as great 
            as those caused by crime, they do not think 
            themselves in any degree criminal. Purity of 
(50)      purpose and purity of character, after all, 
            are the brightest jewels in the crown of 
            immortality.

Which one of the following paradigms does the passage recommend?

Answer this question based on the following passage.

            The old maxim, that "Knowledge is Power," 
            is a true one, but there is still a greater truth:
            "Knowledge Is Safety." Safety amid physical
            ills that beset mankind, and safety amid the
(5)        moral pitfalls that surround so many young 
            people, is the crying demand of the age. 
            Research has thrown light on many facts 
            relating to the physiology of man and 
            woman, and the diseases to which they are
(10)      subject, and consequently many reformations
            have taken place in the treatment and 
            prevention of diseases. Any information bearing
            upon the diseases of mankind should not be
            kept under lock and key. The physician is
(15)      frequently called upon to speak in plain 
            language to his patients about disease 
            contracted on account of ignorance. The 
            better plan, however, is to so educate and 
            enlighten old and young upon the important 
(20)      subjects of health, that the necessity to 
            call a physician may occur less frequently.
            A large, respectable, though diminishing 
            class in every community, maintain that 
            nothing that relates exclusively to either sex 
(25)      should become the subject of popular medical
            instruction. But such an opinion is radically 
            wrong; ignorance is no more the mother of 
            purity than it is of religion. The tendency in 
            the right direction must be admitted, and is
(30)      perhaps most clearly shown in some of the 
            articles on prison reform. Preventive work is
            the truest economy. Some go so far as to say
            that if the present human knowledge of the
            laws of heredity were acted upon for a 
(35)      generation, reformatory measures would be 
            rendered unnecessary. 
            Perhaps nothing will so much hasten the time
            when body and mind will both be adequately 
            cared for, as a diffusion of the belief that the 
(40)      preservation of health is a duty. Few seem 
            conscious that there is such a thing as physical 
            morality. The fact is, all breaches of the law of 
            health are physical sins. Men's habitual words 
            and acts imply that they are at liberty to treat 
(45)      their bodies as they please. Though the evil
            consequences inflicted on their descendents 
            and on future generations are often as great 
            as those caused by crime, they do not think 
            themselves in any degree criminal. Purity of 
(50)      purpose and purity of character, after all, 
            are the brightest jewels in the crown of 
            immortality.