Tenses (Gapfills)

The present perfect tense 'has gone' is used for actions that happened very recently and have relevance to the present moment. The adverb 'just' emphasizes the recent completion. 'He has just gone out' indicates he left very recently and this fact matters now.

Present perfect tense is required with 'yet' in questions. 'Have your exams not started yet?' is the correct construction. The auxiliary 'Have' agrees with the plural subject 'your exams'. Present perfect is used because we're asking about an action that may or may not have happened by now.

As indirect speech is being used correct option will be 1.

Present perfect continuous 'have been' is used with 'recently' to show an ongoing state that started in the past and continues to the present. 'I have been very busy recently' correctly expresses this. The auxiliary 'have' agrees with the first-person subject 'I'.

Present perfect tense 'haven't seen' is correct for actions (or lack thereof) continuing from past to present. 'I haven't seen Jojo for three years' shows the state of not seeing continues. First-person 'I' takes 'have' as the auxiliary.

Present perfect will be used to show change over time.... The change has happened and is still relevant in present.

Present perfect continuous with 'since' shows an action/state continuing from a past point to now. 'I have been here since last month' is correct. 'Since' establishes the starting point, and present perfect continuous emphasizes the ongoing nature.

 Have you been to Bengalore?

Present perfect continuous 'have been writing' shows an action continuing from past to present. 'Since morning' establishes the starting point. First-person 'I' requires auxiliary 'have'. The action of writing began in the morning and continues now.

The Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past.... so had left is the correct option. He 'had left' happened before I arrived.

Past perfect 'had gone' is required because one past event happened before another past event. 'I came after' (past simple) establishes the later past time, so the earlier action needs past perfect. 'He had gone before I came' is the logical sequence.

Reported speech about past time requires past perfect. 'He said' is past reporting verb, so the reported action shifts further back: 'He said that he had been in England for ten years.' Past perfect shows the action was completed before the speaking event.

Past perfect 'had served' shows an action completed before another past event. 'Then he retired' establishes the past timeline, so the service occurred before retirement. 'He had served in the Navy for 15 years, then he retired' clearly sequences the events.

Future perfect 'shall have learned' predicts completion by a future deadline. 'By the next week' establishes the future reference point. 'I shall have learned all this by the next week' means the learning will be complete before that future time arrives.

Past perfect 'had slept' shows completion before another past event. 'When I got there' is past tense, so the sleeping happened before arrival. 'When I got there, he had slept (already)' means the sleeping was complete before the arrival.

The future continuous tense 'will be traveling' describes an action that will be in progress at a specific time in the future (tomorrow). Option A is missing the auxiliary verb 'be', while Option C incorrectly uses 'been' (requires 'have'), and Option D uses future perfect instead of continuous.

The past continuous tense 'was reading' describes an action that was in progress when another past event (the lights going out) occurred. Option A uses present tense, Option C incorrectly uses present perfect continuous, and Option D uses plural 'were' with singular 'Job'.

The future perfect continuous tense 'will have been studying' expresses an action that will continue up to a specific point in the future, emphasizing its duration. Option B uses future perfect (missing 'been'), while C and D use 'shall/would' which don't fit with 'By this time' construction.

The present perfect continuous tense 'has been raining' expresses an action that started in the past and continues to the present. Option A is grammatically incorrect, Option B uses 'have' with singular 'it', and Option D uses past perfect continuous which would require a past reference point.

This is a first conditional sentence expressing a real possibility in the future. The correct structure is 'If + present simple, ... will + infinitive'. Option A incorrectly mixes conditional with past tense, Option B uses present simple in the result clause, and Option D uses the wrong form.

When reporting future events from the perspective of the past, 'will' changes to 'would' in reported speech. The original thought would have been 'it will rain', reported as 'it would rain'. 'Will' (Option B) is the direct speech form, not reported.

The future perfect tense 'will have saved' expresses an action that will be completed by a specific future time (by the end of the year). Option A uses future simple, C is missing 'have', and D incorrectly mixes 'will' with present perfect 'has'.

The future simple tense 'will see' is used for decisions made at the moment of speaking or general predictions about the future. Option B is grammatically incorrect (would + past tense), Option C uses present continuous for scheduled events, and D is grammatically wrong.

The past continuous tense 'was getting' describes a change or development in progress at a past time. Option A and B incorrectly use 'get' instead of 'getting', while D uses 'were' which doesn't agree with the singular subject 'it'.

The present continuous tense 'is barking' describes an action happening at the present moment, indicated by 'at the moment'. Option A uses past continuous, C is grammatically incorrect, D uses past perfect, and E uses present perfect which doesn't fit the momentary action.