GK (Indian Constitution)

The Drafting Committee chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar submitted the draft Constitution to the President of the Constituent Assembly on February 21, 1948. This draft contained 243 articles and 13 schedules. The committee had worked on it for nearly 2 years and 11 months before submission.

The second reading of the Constitution was completed on November 16, 1949. During this reading, clause-by-clause discussion and voting took place on the articles. The first reading was in November 1948, and the third reading concluded on November 26, 1949. November 17 and 18 are close but not the correct dates.

The Constituent Assembly held three readings of the Constitution, similar to legislative procedure. The first reading (November 1948) was for general discussion, the second reading (November 1949) involved clause-by-clause consideration, and the third reading (November 26, 1949) was for formal adoption. This three-stage process ensured thorough deliberation.

The Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on November 26, 1949. This date is celebrated as Constitution Day. However, it came into effect on January 26, 1950, chosen to commemorate Purna Swaraj Day. November 25, 27, and 29 are incorrect dates surrounding this event.

Approximately 600 princely states existed during the Constituent Assembly's work (1946-1949). The exact number is often cited as 562, but 600 is a commonly used rounded figure representing the large number of kingdoms that needed integration into the Indian Union. Sardar Patel's efforts were crucial in this integration. Numbers like 800, 900, or 950 are overestimates.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar made this profound statement emphasizing that a Constitution's success depends more on the people implementing it than the document itself. He delivered this during the Constituent Assembly debates, highlighting that even good constitutions can fail if worked by corrupt people, while bad ones can succeed if implemented by good people.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar said this while defending the Draft Constitution's similarities to the Government of India Act 1935. He argued that borrowing from established frameworks was practical and nothing to be ashamed of, as the Constitution also contained significant innovations suited to India's needs. This was in response to criticisms about lack of originality.

The elections to the Constituent Assembly were indeed held in July 1946. These elections were conducted by the British colonial government to form the body that would draft India's constitution. The provincial assemblies elected the members through indirect voting.

The Rajya Sabha is the correct name for the Upper House of India's Parliament. It is the Council of States and represents the interests of the states. The Lok Sabha is the Lower House, while Council of States is a descriptive term but not the formal name.

292 members were elected to the Constituent Assembly. These members were elected by the provincial assemblies through indirect elections. The total membership eventually reached 389 after including representatives from princely states, but 292 were the elected members from provinces.

This quote was indeed stated by Dr. Rajendra Prasad, who was the President of the Constituent Assembly and later became the first President of India. He made this observation emphasizing that the quality of representatives matters more than the written constitution itself.

14 seats were acquired by other parties in the Constituent Assembly. The Congress dominated with 205 seats, while other parties like the Muslim League (73 seats), Scheduled Castes Federation, and others had smaller representations. The 14 seats refers to parties other than Congress and Muslim League.

The Lok Sabha (House of People) is the correct name for the Lower House of India's Parliament. It is directly elected by the people and is more powerful than the Rajya Sabha in matters like money bills and no-confidence motions. The other options are incorrect or refer to state legislatures.

In the Constituent Assembly debates, the term 'Parliament of the Federation' was used to describe the federal legislature. This terminology was part of the initial drafting language. The other options are not the correct historical terms used in the Constituent Assembly.

The Union Constitution Committee, headed by Jawaharlal Nehru, recommended that India adopt the parliamentary form of executive. This committee was one of the several committees formed to deliberate on different aspects of the constitution. The parliamentary system was chosen for its stability and accountability.

Jawaharlal Nehru was indeed the head of the Union Constitution Committee. As a key leader and future Prime Minister, he chaired this important committee that recommended the parliamentary system of government for independent India.

In the Constituent Assembly discussions, the Parliament of the Federation was described as consisting of the President and the National Legislature. This was the terminology used during the drafting phase before the final terms 'Rajya Sabha' and 'Lok Sabha' were adopted.

The Congress party won 205 seats in the Constituent Assembly elections. This gave them a clear majority and dominant position in constitution-making. The Muslim League came second with 73 seats, while other parties had minimal representation.

500 seats were fixed for the House of People (Lok Sabha) in the original Constituent Assembly deliberations. This number was based on population representation. The actual strength varied initially but 500 was the proposed fixed number during the constitutional debates.

The Muslim League won 73 seats in the Constituent Assembly elections of 1946. This gave them significant representation in the body that drafted India's Constitution. The other numbers (74, 75, 76) are incorrect.

The Constituent Assembly fixed the ratio of one representative for every 7.5 lakh (750,000) people. This formula determined provincial representation based on population. The other options (7,500, 50,000, 78,500) don't match the historical standard.

Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the first President of India by the Constituent Assembly in 1950. The Constituent Assembly served as the provisional parliament until full elections could be held. The Lok Sabha didn't exist yet, and Legislative Assembly/Council of State were not the bodies that elected the President.

Both Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel proposed Dr. Rajendra Prasad's name for President. This bipartisan consensus reflected the respect Prasad commanded across the political spectrum. Neither proposed alone - it was a joint proposal.

'Jana Gana Mana' is India's national anthem, written by Rabindranath Tagore. It was officially adopted by the Constituent Assembly in 1950. 'Vande Mataram' is the national song, while 'Saare Jahaan se Acchha' is a popular patriotic song.

The Constituent Assembly adopted 'Jana Gana Mana' as the national anthem on 24 January 1950. It was officially sung for the first time on 26 January 1950 when India became a Republic. The adoption preceded the Republic Day by two days.