Morphology and Physiology of Flowering Plants
This comprehensive quiz covers the morphology and physiology of flowering plants, including floral structures, inflorescence types, fruit morphology, plant tissues, vascular systems, and reproductive mechanisms.
Questions
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the process of double fertilisation in angiosperms?
- Double fertilisation is a complex fertilisation mechanism.
- One sperm fertilises the egg cell and the other sperm combines with single polar nucleus of the megagametophyte.
- The large cell of the gametophyte develops into the endosperm.
- The ovary develops into the fruit.
- The maternal contribution to the genetic constitution of the triploid endosperm is double that of the embryo.
Mulberry leaves are the sole food source of the silkworms. The inflorescence present in mulberry is
- simple umbel
- compound umbel
- corymb
- spadix
- catkin
Aestivation is defined as the positional arrangement of the parts of a flower within a flower bud before it has opened. Which aestivation is observed in hibiscus?
- Contorted
- Imbricate
- Open
- Induplicate
- Valvate
Which of the following statements does not characterise the alternation of generations in plants?
- Two single-celled haploid gametes fuse to form a single-celled diploid zygote.
- Zygote divides by mitosis and forms sporophyte.
- The sporophyte produces one or more sporangia.
- The single-celled haploid spore divides by meiosis and forms gametophyte.
- The gametophyte produces one or more gametangia.
Which of the following fruits originates from a single carpel?
- Drupe
- Achene
- Follicle
- Samara
- Pome
Which of the following sclereids is found in the epidermal covering of legume seeds?
- Brachysclereids
- Macrosclereids
- Astrosclereids
- Osteosclereids
- Filiform Sclereids
Which of the following types of fruits is observed in Poaceae?
- Loment
- Legume
- Caryopsis
- Capsule
- Hesperidium
A horticulturist noticed purple appearance on the stems, petioles and underside of the leaves of a few plants in his garden. Those plants must be deficient in
- manganese
- boron
- iron
- potassium
- nitrogen
Which of the following gives rise to wood in plants?
- Phloem parenchyma
- Vascular cambium
- Phloem fibres
- Companion cells
- Sieve cells
Which of the following statements does not characterise the fruit development in angiosperms?
- The zygote gives rise to the endosperm.
- The pericarp is often differentiated into two or three distinct layers.
- After pollination, a tube grows from the pollen through the stigma into the ovary.
- After double fertilisation, the ovules become seeds.
- Within the megagametophyte, both the sperms unite with the egg to form a zygote.
Which of the following structures accomodates the ovules or the seeds of the flowering plants?
- Locules
- Integuments
- Cotyledons
- Calyptra
- Strobilus
Which of the following parenchyma cells is meant for the storage of water?
- Prosenchyma
- Conjunctive parenchyma
- Armed parenchyma
- Medullary parenchyma
- Arenchyma
Which of the following is a primary macronutrient required by the plants?
- Magnesium
- Silicon
- Calcium
- Phosphorus
- Sulphur
Which of the following statements does not characterise phloem tissues in plants?
- Messenger RNAs are transported in the phloem through sieve tube elements.
- Phloem sap helps in sending informational signals throughout vascular plants.
- The movement through the phloem is driven by positive hydrostatic pressures.
- The phloem tubes sit outside the xylem.
- When the plant is an embryo, vascular tissue emerges from cambium tissue.
Which of the following nutrients increases drought tolerance in plants?
- Magnesium
- Calcium
- Sulphur
- Potassium
- Phosphorus
The stems of seed plants follow
- polyarch
- centrarch
- exarch
- endarch
- mesarch
______ is a simple, fleshy fruit originating from the syncarpous inferior ovary.
- Follicle
- Pome
- Pepo
- Berry
- Drupe
Which of the following plant hormones is present in coconut water?
- Abscisic acid
- Ethylene
- Cytokinin
- Auxin
- Gibberellin
Which of the following statements is false regarding the pollen production in angiosperms?
- The microsporangia form sacs or pockets (locules) in the anther.
- Each microsporangium contains haploid pollen mother cells.
- Each microspore divides mitotically to form an immature microgametophyte.
- The pollen is eventually released when the anther forms openings.
- The pollen of angiosperms must be transported to the stigma of a compatible flower.
Which of the following does NOT characterise parenchyma tissue found in all plants?
- Isodiametric cells
- Living cells
- Thick cell walls
- Dense cytoplasm
- Intercellular spaces
Which of the following is NOT an application of gibberellin hormones of the plants?
- Bolting
- Delay in senescence
- Increase in fruit size
- Breaking of dormancy
- Parthenocarpy
______ lies beneath the inflorescences of Asteraceae and Apiaceae.
- Petaloid
- Spathe
- Epicalyx
- Bracteole
- Involucral
Which of the following is not a function of the cytokinins in flowering plants?
- Cell division
- Morphogenesis
- Flowering
- Apical dominance
- Production of male flowers
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
- The dust-like seeds of orchids contain numerous endosperm.
- Endosperm is the evolutionary remnant of the actual gametophyte.
- About 70% of angiosperm species have endosperm cells that are polyploid.
- Ancestral flowering plants have seeds that have small embryos and abundant endosperm.
- Wheat endosperm is ground into flour for bread.
_______ is a living component of plant's vascular tissue.
- Tracheids
- Vessels or trachea
- Xylem parenchyma
- Xylem sclerenchyma
- Bast fibres