General Knowledge (Mixed)

Hydrogen is the lightest gas with the lowest atomic mass (1 amu) among all gases. It is the first element in the periodic table and forms H2 molecules in its gaseous state.

Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Sikh Guru, was executed by Aurangzeb in Delhi in 1675 for defending religious freedom. His martyrdom is a significant event in Sikh history.

A satellite in circular orbit is maintained by Earth's gravitational force, which provides the centripetal force needed to keep the satellite moving in a curved path around the planet.

Kerosene lamps burn with a yellow flame due to incandescence - the glowing of unburnt carbon particles heated to high temperatures. These particles emit yellow light before being completely consumed.

The Azad Hind Fauj (Indian National Army) was formed in 1943 under Subhas Chandra Bose's leadership with Japanese support. It fought against British forces in World War II.

Siddhartha Gautama was the birth name of Mahatma Buddha, the founder of Buddhism. He was born into a royal family in Lumbini and later attained enlightenment to become the Buddha.

Industrial electrical systems typically operate at 440 volts, which is higher than the standard 220V used in residential settings. This higher voltage efficiently powers heavy machinery and equipment.

Shivaji's council of eight ministers was called the Ashta Pradhan. This administrative body included officials like the Peshwa (Prime Minister) and Amatya (Finance Minister) who advised on governance.

Shivaji created a secular state that respected all religions equally. His administration included people of different faiths, and he protected religious sites of both Hindus and Muslims.

Shivaji was born at Shivner Fort near Junnar in Pune district. The fort served as his birthplace and early stronghold during his formative years. Poona (now Pune) is a major nearby city but not the actual birth location.

Shivaji Maharaj died in 1680 AD at Raigad Fort. This marked the end of his illustrious career as the founder of the Maratha Empire. The year 1680 is well-documented in historical records.

Aurangzeb had Chhatrapati Shivaji arrested in 1666 when Shivaji visited the Mughal court at Agra Fort, from where Shivaji later made a daring escape.

Dialysis is a medical procedure that artificially removes waste products and excess fluid from blood when kidneys can no longer perform these functions. It acts as an artificial kidney, filtering blood to maintain the body's chemical balance when renal failure occurs.

Warren Hastings became the first Governor General of Bengal in 1772 after the Regulating Act of 1773. Lord Clive was the first Governor but not Governor General. The position of Governor General was created later.

The Indus Valley Civilisation was primarily urban, with well-planned cities like Mohenjo-daro and Harappa featuring advanced drainage systems, granaries, and standardized construction. The civilization's sophistication in urban planning distinguishes it from contemporary cultures.

Tukaram (1608-1649) was a contemporary of Shivaji (1630-1680), both living in 17th century Maharashtra during the Bhakti movement period. While Chaitanya and Kabir were earlier saints, Tukaram's timeline overlaps significantly with Shivaji's reign.

Margaret Thatcher was known as 'The Iron Lady' for her uncompromising leadership style as Prime Minister from 1979-1990. The nickname was given by a Soviet journalist and reflected her strong stance against communism and her tough approach to governance.

The Mughal dynasty was founded in 1526 when Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat. This established Mughal rule in India which lasted until 1857. The year 1526 marks the beginning of one of India's most significant empires.

The First Battle of Panipat was fought in 1526 between Babur and Ibrahim Lodi. This battle established Mughal rule in India and marked the beginning of the Mughal dynasty. Babur's use of gunpowder and cannons proved decisive against the larger Lodi army.

The First Battle of Panipat (1526) was fought between Babar and Ibrahim Lodi. Babar's use of gunpowder artillery and superior military tactics led to his decisive victory, establishing the Mughal Empire in India. Ibrahim Lodi died in battle, and neither Akbar (Babar's grandson) nor 'None of the above' are correct.

Lumbini, the birthplace of Gautama Buddha, is located in present-day Nepal. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a major pilgrimage destination. Bihar is where Buddha attained enlightenment (Bodh Gaya), not his birthplace. Colombo is in Sri Lanka and Goa is in India, neither associated with Buddha's birth.

The Third Battle of Panipat was fought on January 14, 1761, between the Maratha Empire and the invading forces of Ahmed Shah Abdali of Afghanistan. It was one of the most significant battles of the 18th century, with massive casualties. 1526 refers to the first battle, 1556 to the second battle.

The Second Battle of Panipat (1556) was fought between Akbar's forces (led by his regent Bairam Khan) and Hemu, the Hindu king who had briefly captured Delhi. Hemu was defeated and killed, consolidating Mughal rule. Option A refers to the first battle, while Option B describes the third battle.