Analogies

FEZ and FEDORA are both types of hats/headwear, representing a relationship of items within the same category. Similarly, SANDAL and SLIPPER are both types of footwear. Option D correctly maintains this categorical relationship between two related items.

FISH: SCHOOL shows the relationship between an animal and the collective noun for its group. Similarly, WHALE: SHOAL represents the same relationship, as 'shoal' is the collective term for a group of whales. Option B correctly maintains this animal:collective noun relationship.

APOSTATE (one who abandons religious faith) : PROSELYTE (one who converts to a religion) represents opposites - someone leaving vs. someone joining a faith. FORSAKE: CONVENT maintains this contrast - to abandon/renounce vs. a religious community. Option B correctly captures this opposing relationship.

SUBTERFUGE: ARTIFICE are synonyms meaning deception or trickery. Similarly, STRATAGEM: CHICANERY both represent deceptive schemes or tricks. Option B correctly maintains this synonymous relationship between words meaning essentially the same thing.

BYWORD: AXIOM appear to be related as both being sayings/proverbs, though byword means a proverb or bygone saying, while axiom is a self-evident truth. APOTHEGM: ADAGE correctly maintains this relationship, as both are terms for proverbial sayings or wise maxims. Option C correctly identifies this relationship.

FLAGITIOUS (criminal/wicked) : FORTHRIGHT (direct/honest) represent antonyms or opposites in character. Similarly, PROFLIGATE (wicked/immoral) : UNIMPEACHABLE (blameless/perfect) maintain this opposing relationship between negative and positive character traits. Option A correctly captures this antonymous relationship.

IMPRESSIONISM: RENOIR shows the relationship between an art movement and its most famous practitioner. Similarly, SURREALISM: DALI correctly maintains this art movement:artist relationship, as Salvador Dali is the most renowned surrealist painter. Option C correctly identifies this movement-artist pairing.

Demur means to raise objections or hesitate, while persevere means to persist despite difficulties. The relationship is 'to hesitate/object: to persist'. Similarly, intermittent means occurring at intervals (stopping), while incessant means continuing without pause (persisting).

Amelioration means to make something better or more tolerable (to soften/reduce severity). Acceleration means to increase speed or intensity (to strengthen/intensify). The relationship is 'to soften/reduce: to intensify'. Similarly, assuage means to soothe or relieve, while intensify means to make stronger.

Triassic and Jurassic are consecutive geological periods in Earth's history (Triassic comes before Jurassic). The relationship is 'sequential time periods'. Similarly, troposphere and stratosphere are consecutive layers of Earth's atmosphere (troposphere is below stratosphere).

A pamphlet is a brief, unbound publication, while a tome is a large, heavy book. The relationship is 'short/small work: long/substantial work'. Similarly, a sonnet is a short 14-line poem, while an epic is a lengthy narrative poem.

An oast is a kiln or drying house used for drying hops (used in brewing beer). The relationship is 'specialized structure: material it processes'. Similarly, a kiln is an oven used for firing porcelain and ceramics.

Dogmatic means excessively assertive in laying down principles, while magisterial means authoritative or commanding. Both words describe an overbearing, authoritative manner. Similarly, egregious means outstandingly bad or shocking, while notorious means widely known for something unfavorable - both describe negative qualities that stand out.

A centimo is a subdivision of currency (like a cent), while a peseta is the former currency of Spain. The relationship is 'subdivision unit: main currency unit'. Similarly, a centavo is a subdivision of a peso (used in Philippines and several Latin American countries).

The lira was the former currency of Italy. The relationship is 'currency: country'. Similarly, the gourde is the currency of Haiti.

Both encomium and panegyric mean formal expressions of high praise or laudatory speeches. The relationship is 'synonym: synonym' (words with identical meanings). Similarly, censure and remonstrance both refer to formal expressions of disapproval or criticism.

Insomnia is the inability to sleep (a disorder related to sleep). The relationship is 'disorder: normal function'. Similarly, bulimia is an eating disorder involving appetite and food consumption (dysregulation of normal appetite).

An aardvark is an animal known for eating ants. The relationship is 'animal: its primary food source'. Similarly, a tapir is a mammal that primarily eats plants.

Eisenhower and Kennedy are consecutive U.S. presidents (Eisenhower served from 1953-1961, Kennedy from 1961-1963). Ford and Carter are also consecutive U.S. presidents (Ford 1974-1977, Carter 1977-1981), making this the correct analogy. Truman:Roosevelt reverses the order (Truman came after Roosevelt), while Nixon:Johnson are not consecutive and also in wrong chronological order.

A Duchess is addressed as 'Her Grace' as a formal honorific title. Similarly, a Baronet is addressed as 'Sir'. Both pairs show the relationship between a noble title and their form of address. Monsignors use 'Your Reverence' or 'Monsignor', Earls use 'The Right Honourable' (not 'The Honourable'), and Nuns use 'Sister' (not 'Mother').

Mutualism is a specific type of symbiosis (is-a relationship: mutualism IS symbiosis). Similarly, syllogism is a type of deductive reasoning. The other options are wrong because: Euphemism relates to substituting mild expressions for harsh ones (not phonetics), and the other options contain misspellings or incorrect categorizations.

The analogy attempts to show 'tool:context of use' relationship - abacus is associated with Montessori education, and calculator is associated with office work. However, this is a weak analogy because Montessori is a specific educational method while 'office' is a physical place/setting. The categories don't align perfectly.