Mixed GK

Mercury orbits the Sun fastest at approximately 47.87 km/s, completing one orbit in just 88 Earth days. Its proximity to the Sun and strong gravitational pull gives it the highest orbital velocity among all planets.

The Durand Line is the 2,640 km international border between Pakistan and Afghanistan, established in 1896 through an agreement between Sir Mortimer Durand (British India) and Amir Abdur Rahman Khan (Afghanistan).

The East India Company was established on December 31, 1600, when Queen Elizabeth I granted a royal charter to 'The Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies'.

At the time this question was written, none of the listed individuals (G. Madhavan Nair, S. Swaminathan, K. Joshi, T.S. Joshi) held the position of LIC chairman. The correct answer is 'none of these'.

C. Rajagopalachari was the first Indian to serve as Governor-General of independent India (1948-1950), succeeding Lord Mountbatten who was the first Governor-General of the Dominion of India (1947-1948).

Sofia is the capital and largest city of Bulgaria, located in the western part of the country at the foot of Mount Vitosha. It has been Bulgaria's capital since 1879 and is one of the oldest capitals in Europe, with history dating back to the 8th century BC.

The Duleep Cup is a domestic first-class cricket tournament in India, organized by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI). It was named after Kumar Shri Duleepsinhji of Nawanagar and started in 1961-62, featuring teams representing different geographical zones of India.

In Jainism, the three gems or 'Ratnatraya' are Samyak Darshana (right belief), Samyak Jnana (right knowledge), and Samyak Charitra (right conduct). These form the foundation of Jain philosophy and the path to spiritual liberation. Right belief means faith in the teachings of the Tirthankaras.

Dr. Shamshad Akhtar served as the Governor of the State Bank of Pakistan from 2006 to 2009, becoming the first woman to hold this position. She is a renowned economist and has also held positions at the United Nations and World Bank. The spelling in the question has a minor typo (Shanshad vs Shamshad).

Fathimath Dhiyana Saeed from Maldives served as the Secretary General of SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) from 2011 to 2012. She was the first woman and the first Maldivian to hold this position since the organization's establishment in 1985.

Álvaro Silva Calderón was a Venezuelan diplomat who served as the Secretary General of OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) from 2002 to 2003. OPEC is a cartel of oil-producing countries that coordinates petroleum policies to ensure stable prices for producers.

The ohm (symbol: Ω) is the SI derived unit of electrical resistance, named after German physicist Georg Simon Ohm. Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points. Resistance is measured in ohms.

Thomas Alva Edison invented the motion picture projector (kinetoscope) in the late 19th century and developed the first commercially viable film production system. His work laid the foundation for the modern film industry, though the Lumière brothers in France also made significant contributions to cinema technology.

 The 2006 Commonwealth Games, officially the XVIII Commonwealth Games were held in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia between 15 and 26 March 2006.

China vetoed Bangladesh's admission to the United Nations in 1972 as Bangladesh was backed by India in the Liberation War, and China was then a close ally of Pakistan. China used its veto power twice (in 1972 and 1974) before finally supporting Bangladesh's admission after Pakistan recognized Bangladesh in 1974.

The Ganga River, which originates in the Himalayas and flows through India, is called the Padma River when it enters Bangladesh. The Padma then joins the Meghna and Jamuna rivers before flowing into the Bay of Bengal as the Meghna estuary. This is a standard geographical naming convention for transboundary rivers.

A sphygmomanometer is the medical device used to measure blood pressure, consisting of an inflatable cuff to restrict blood flow and a mercury or aneroid manometer to measure the pressure. It was invented by Samuel Siegfried Karl Ritter von Basch in 1881 and improved by Harvey Cushing in 1901.

Kharif crops are the autumn-harvested crops planted at the beginning of the monsoon season (June-July) in the Indian subcontinent. Major kharif crops include rice, maize, cotton, soybean, and jowar. The other major cropping season is Rabi (winter), planted in October-November for spring harvest.

Tajendra Khanna served as the Lieutenant Governor of Delhi in 2011. The Lieutenant Governor is the constitutional head of Delhi, which is a Union Territory. Daman and Diu had a separate Administrator, Goa has a Governor, Gujarat has a Governor, and Pondicherry has a Lieutenant Governor but Tajendra Khanna was specifically appointed to Delhi.

Chandrayaan II was India's second moon mission project (announced around 2008-2010, following Chandrayaan I). Edusast was an educational satellite, Sputnik 3 was Soviet, and Pioneer 4 was American. Chandrayaan II was the correct Indian lunar mission being planned during that period.

G.M.C. Balayogi was the first Dalit Speaker of the Lok Sabha, serving from 1998 to 2002. Kiran Bedi is a retired IPS officer, Bandopadhyaya and Renuka Chowdhary were MPs but not Speakers. This was a significant milestone in Indian parliamentary history for Dalit representation.