Indian General Knowledge

The Reserve Bank of India was nationalized in 1949 when the Government of India took over ownership from private shareholders. This transferred full control of the central banking system to the government.

Gandhi Sagar Dam is one of the four dams built on the Chambal River as part of the Chambal Valley Development Project. It is located in Mandsaur district of Madhya Pradesh.

In the Rigveda, Indra is the most prominent divinity, but among the choices provided (Marut, Agni, Varuna, Surya), Agni is second only to Indra in importance and has the largest number of hymns dedicated to him after Indra.

The light from stars follows blackbody radiation principles, and its color spectrum reveals the surface temperature. Hotter stars appear bluer, while cooler stars appear redder. This is called Wien's displacement law.

The Indus Valley Civilization flourished during its mature phase from approximately 2500 BCE to 1750 BCE. This period represents the height of urban planning, trade, and cultural development in cities like Mohenjo-daro and Harappa.

V.T. Krishnamachari served as the first Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission of India. The Planning Commission was established in 1950 to oversee India's five-year economic plans.

Lakshadweep is the smallest union territory of India by area, consisting of 36 islands spread over 32 sq km. It is located in the Arabian Sea, off the Kerala coast.

Buland Darwaza (the 'Gate of Magnificence') is located in Fatehpur Sikri, Uttar Pradesh. It was built by Emperor Akbar in 1601 to commemorate his victory over Gujarat. It is the highest gateway in the world.

The World Bank headquarters is located in Washington DC, United States. It was established in 1944 along with the IMF at the Bretton Woods Conference to provide financial and technical assistance to developing countries.

SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) was established on April 12, 1988 as the regulatory body for securities markets in India. It received statutory powers in 1992 through the SEBI Act. The other options are incorrect as SEBI was not formed in 1992, 1993, or 1980.

The year 1930 is famously associated with the Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha) led by Mahatma Gandhi, which was a pivotal non-violent protest against the British salt monopoly. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred in 1919, Chauri Chaura incident in 1922, and Komagata Maru incident in 1914.

Daiva marriage is one of the eight classical forms of Hindu marriage where the father gifts his daughter to a priest (officiating at a sacrifice). This was considered a righteous form where the bride was given as a sacrificial offering. Gandharva marriage is by mutual consent, Arsha involves giving the bride to a sage in exchange for gifts.

The blue color of the sky is caused by Rayleigh scattering of sunlight by atmospheric particles. Without the sun, there would be no light source to scatter, making the sky appear black (dark) as in space. The other colors mentioned require sunlight to be visible.

Nadir Shah, the Persian ruler, invaded India in 1739 during the reign of Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah (also known as Rangeela). This invasion led to the brutal massacre in Delhi and the loss of the Peacock Throne. The other options are incorrect as Bahadur Shah and Shah Alam ruled at different periods.

The tertiary (services) sector contributes the largest share to India's national income (GDP), accounting for over 50% of economic output. This includes trade, hospitality, communications, banking, and IT services. The primary sector (agriculture) and secondary sector (manufacturing) contribute less.

Sarojini Naidu became the first woman Governor of a state in independent India when she was appointed Governor of Uttar Pradesh in 1947. She was a prominent freedom fighter and poet. Vijaya Laxmi Pandit became the first woman President of UN General Assembly, not a Governor.

The Rajya Sabha (Council of States) can have a maximum of 250 members according to the Constitution of India. Currently, it has 245 members - 233 elected by state legislatures and 12 nominated by the President. The other options do not match the constitutional provision.

The Baburnama (autobiography of Mughal emperor Babar) was written in Turki (Chagatai Turkish), which was Babar's native language. It is considered one of the finest autobiographies in Islamic literature. It was later translated into Persian during Akbar's reign.

Nandadevi National Park is situated in Uttarakhand (formerly Uttaranchal) in the Himalayan region. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its unique biodiversity and the Nanda Devi peak. The other states listed are incorrect locations for this park.

The Kalpasutra, a canonical Jain text containing biographies of Jain Tirthankaras, was composed by Bhadrabahu in the 4th century BCE. It is an important text in the Svetambara Jain tradition. Gosala was founder of Ajivika sect, Varahamihira was an astronomer, and Sthulabhadra was a different Jain scholar.

The Gayatri Mantra in the Rigveda is dedicated to Savitri (Savitri-Surya), the deity representing the sun before sunrise. It is one of the most sacred Vedic mantras. Indra is the god of rain and war, Agni is fire god, and Surya is the sun god - but Savitri is the specific deity of this mantra.