World and Indian History

Jallianwala Bbagh massacre took place under the rule of General Dyer, on (Sunday) 13th April, 1919.

Guru Ram Das, the fourth Sikh Guru, founded Amritsar in 1577 and constructed the Harmandir Sahib (Golden Temple). He purchased the land from the Mughal rulers and established it as a Sikh pilgrimage center. Guru Nanak was the first Guru, Guru Arjun Dev completed the Golden Temple construction, and Guru Gobind Singh was the tenth Guru.

Correct Answer: 1930

Correct Answer: 1757

The Quit India Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi on August 8, 1942, during the All-India Congress Committee session in Bombay. It demanded immediate independence from British rule and marked the final major mass movement before independence in 1947. 1941, 1946, and 1950 are not associated with this historic movement.

Annie Besant, along with Bal Gangadhar Tilak, launched the Home Rule Movement in 1916 to demand self-rule for India. Besant led the movement in Madras while Tilak led it in Maharashtra. Nehru was a young leader then, and Swami Vivekananda had passed away in 1902, years before this movement began.

May 1 is celebrated as International Labour Day or National Labour Day in India, commemorating the Haymarket affair in Chicago (1886) and workers' struggles worldwide. It was adopted in India after independence. December 1 is World AIDS Day, May 11 is National Technology Day, and November 14 is Children's Day.

Correct Answer: Bal Gangadhar Tilak

The Khilafat Movement was launched in 1919 by Indian Muslim leaders to protest the dismantling of the Ottoman Caliphate after World War I. It allied with the Non-Cooperation Movement under Gandhi's leadership. 1920 saw its peak activities, 1905 was the Partition of Bengal period, and 1909 relates to the Morley-Minto reforms.

Correct Answer: Meerut

Muhammad bin Tughlaq (1325-1351) notoriously shifted his capital from Delhi to Devagiri (renamed Daulatabad) in 1327, forcing mass migration that caused immense suffering. The move was later reversed. Muhammad bin Qasim invaded Sindh, Qutbuddin Aibak was a Delhi Sultanate founder, and Mahmud Ghazni raided India.

Correct Answer: Sher Shah

Chandra Gupta II adopted the title 'Vikramaditya' around 380-415 CE. His reign marked the golden age of the Gupta Empire, famous for the Navaratnas (nine gems) at his court including Kalidasa and Aryabhata. Chandra Gupta I was the founder, while Samudra Gupta was his father known for military conquests.

Winston Churchill called Gandhi a 'half-naked fakir' in a 1931 speech, expressing contempt for Gandhi's simple dhoti attire and the Indian independence movement. This remark reflected colonial attitudes and Churchill's opposition to Indian freedom. Churchill was British Prime Minister during WWII.

Mahatma Gandhi proclaimed 'Do or Die' during the Quit India Movement on August 8, 1942, at the All-India Congress Committee meeting in Bombay. This slogan called for immediate British withdrawal and marked the final phase of India's freedom struggle. Tilak, Bhagat Singh, and Annie Besant were important leaders but not associated with this slogan.

Lord William Bentinck abolished Sati in 1829 through Regulation XVII, making it illegal throughout British India. This social reform was supported by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. Lord Dalhousie came later and introduced railways, General Dyer was associated with Jallianwala Bagh massacre, and Lord Curzon partitioned Bengal in 1905.

The First Battle of Tarain was fought in 1191 AD between Prithviraj Chauhan (Chahamana dynasty) and Muhammad Ghori (Ghurid Empire). Prithviraj won this battle. The Second Battle of Tarain was in 1192 AD where Ghori defeated Prithviraj. 1025 AD relates to Ghazni's invasion, and 1200 AD is after Tarain.