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Nucleic Acid Biochemistry

Fundamentals of DNA and RNA structure, properties, and biochemical behavior

15 Questions Published
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Questions

Question 1 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What does the term 'gene' mean?

  1. DNA region which codes for a single RNA
  2. DNA region which codes for protein
  3. DNA region that codes for a single RNA or protein
  4. Fragment of chromosomes
  5. None of these
Question 2 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What does the term 'genome' stand for?

  1. The complete set of genes in a cell
  2. A single gene
  3. A part of chromosome
  4. Double stranded DNA
  5. None of these
Question 3 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Define Chromosomal DNA.

  1. Genomic DNA of prokaryotic organisms complexed with protein
  2. Genomic DNA of eukaryotic organisms complexed with protein
  3. Genomic DNA of nearly all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms is complexed with protein to form chromosomal DNA
  4. Single stranded RNA
  5. A fragment of DNA
Question 4 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the melting temperature (Tm) of DNA?

  1. The temperature at which 50% of the DNA is melted is termed the melting temperature or Tm.
  2. The temperature at which 100% of the DNA is melted is termed the melting temperature or Tm.
  3. The temperature at which DNA starts melting is termed the melting temperature or Tm.
  4. The temperature at which DNA is denatured is termed the melting temperature or Tm.
  5. All of the above
Question 5 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Explain renaturation of DNA.

  1. Formation of a stable double-stranded DNA molecule
  2. Pairing of complementary single strands of DNA in order to form a stable double stranded DNA
  3. Separation of strands of a double stranded DNA
  4. Pairing of chromosomes
  5. All of the above
Question 6 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Explain denaturation of DNA.

  1. Separation of strands of DNA into single strands
  2. Denaturation is the separation of strands of DNA into single strands when heated to 90 degrees or above
  3. Denaturation or separation of RNA strands
  4. Denaturation or separation of DNA strands when heated to 50 degrees
  5. None of these
Question 7 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Why is the value of Tm (melting temperature) more for some DNAs as compared with other DNAs?

  1. DNA which contains more adenine (A) and thymine (T) content will have more Tm value compared with other DNAs.
  2. Tm value increases with the cytosine and guanine content in the DNA.
  3. Greater the number of C-G pairs in the DNA, more will be its Tm value than the others which have more A-T pairs.
  4. Options (2) & (3) are correct
  5. None of these
Question 8 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is hybridisation of nucleic acids?

  1. The pairing of radioactively labelled RNA or DNA with the complementary strand of denatured DNA
  2. Pairing of RNA with complementary denatured DNA
  3. Pairing of radioactively labelled DNA with denatured DNA
  4. Options (1), (2) and (3) are true
  5. Pairing of chromosomes
Question 9 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

How many types of nitrogenous bases are there in nucleic acids?

  1. One
  2. Two
  3. Four
  4. Three
  5. Nitrogenous bases are not present
Question 10 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is Hyperchromic effect of DNA?

  1. Increase in the absorption of light at 260 nm as the DNA becomes denatured is known as Hyperchromic effect.
  2. Absorption of light at 260 nm by DNA is known as hyperchromic effect.
  3. DNA denaturation with the increase in temperature is known as hyperchromic effect.
  4. Both the options (1) and (2)
  5. None of these
Question 11 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Nucleoside is composed of

  1. one pentose carbon sugar and a nitogenous base
  2. a hexose sugar and a nitogenous base
  3. one pentose carbon sugar and two nitrogenous bases
  4. two pentose sugars and one base
  5. None of these
Question 12 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is a nucleotide?

  1. A nucleoside with a phosphate group attached at the five prime position
  2. A pentose sugar with one phosphate group
  3. A nucleoside phosphate
  4. Options (1) and (3) are true
  5. A nitrogenous base with a phosphate group
Question 13 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What are the names of purine and pyrimidine bases?

  1. Purines-Adenine and Cytosine; Pyrimidines-Uracil and thymine
  2. Purines-Thymine and Cytosine; Pyrimidines-Uracil and Adenine
  3. Purines-Uracil and Cytosine; Pyrimidines-Thymine
  4. Purines-Guanine and Cytosine; Pyrimidines-Uracil and Thymine
  5. Purines-Adenine and Guanine; Pyrimidines-Cytosine,Uracil and Thymine
Question 14 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Each strand of DNA has

  1. a free 5 prime NH2 group and a free 3 prime OH group
  2. a free 5 prime CH2 group and a free 3 prime OH group
  3. a free 5 prime OH group and a free 3 prime NH2 group
  4. a free 5 prime CO group and a free 3 prime OH group
  5. a free 5 prime OH group and a free 3 prime OH group
Question 15 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

RNA and DNA can be distinguished on the basis of

  1. ribose and uracil in RNA, and deoxyribose and thymine in DNA
  2. deoxyribose and uracil in RNA, and ribose and thymine in DNA
  3. ribose and thymine in RNA, and deoxyribose and uracil in DNA
  4. ribose and uracil in RNA, and deoxyribose and adenine in DNA
  5. ribose and cytosne in RNA, and deoxyribose and thymine in DNA
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