Teaching and Research - 9

Context refers to the conditions that precede or surround the communication. It consists of present or past events from which the meaning of the messages is derived, though it may also, in the case of written communications, depend upon the statements preceding and following the quotation in question.

Communication theory is a field of information and mathematics that studies the technical process of information.

Kinesics is the interpretation of body language such as facial expressions and gestures or, more formally, non-verbal behavior related to movement, either of any part of the body or the body as a whole.

Face-to-face communication helps to establish a personal connection and will help to sell the product or service to the customer. These interactions can portray a completely different message than written communication as tone, pitch, and body language is observed.

Academic publishing describes the subfield of publishing, which distributes academic research and scholarship. Most academic work is published in journal article, book or in the form of thesis. The part of academic written output that is not formally published but merely printed up or posted on the internet is often called grey literature.

Self-archiving is the act of depositing a free copy of an electronic document on the internet, or more specifically on the World Wide Web, in order to provide open access to it. The term usually refers to the self-archiving of peer-reviewed research journal and conference articles, as well as theses and book chapters, deposited in the author's own institutional repository or open archive for maximizing its accessibility, usage and citation impact.

Plagiarism is the wrongful appropriation, purloining and publication of another author's language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions, and the representation of them as one's own original work. Plagiarism is considered as an academic dishonesty and a breach of journalistic ethics. It is subject to sanctions like expulsion.

In academia, a survey article is a paper that is a work of synthesis, published through the usual channels (a learned journal or collective volume, such as conference proceedings or collection of essays). It stands outside the usual run of research papers, for two reasons: it is not presented as the author's original research, but as a survey or summary of a field; and it is not necessarily subject to the same degree of peer review. Sometimes, short survey articles appear in the guise of book reviews, where the context of the book is summarised first, often at greater length than is devoted to the book.

Research projects that use working hypotheses use a deductive reasoning or logic of inquiry. In other words, the problem and preliminary theory are developed ahead of time and tested using evidence.

Episodic learning means remembering the sequence of events that we witness. Episodic memory is the memory of autobiographical events that can be explicitly stated. It is the collection of past personal experiences that occurred at a particular time and place.

In science and epistemology (the theory of knowledge), a paradigm is a distinct concept or thought pattern.

Post-industrial society is a concept in sociology describing a certain stage of society's development when the service sector generates more wealth than the manufacturing sector of the economy. The post-industrialized society is marked by an increased valuation of knowledge.

Blended learning is a formal education program in which a student learns at least in part through online delivery of content and instruction with some element of student control over time, place, path or pace.

Essentialism is the view that, for any specific entity (such as an animal, a group of people, a physical object, a concept), there is a set of attributes which are necessary to its identity and function.

Non-formal learning is organized learning outside the formal learning system. For example: learning by coming together with people with similar interests and exchanging viewpoints, in clubs or in (international) youth organizations, workshops.