General Knowledge: India and World

India's National Emblem featuring the Ashoka Pillar with four lions was adopted on January 26, 1950, the same day India became a Republic and the Constitution came into effect.

The central piece of India's National Emblem is the Ashoka Chakra (Dharma Chakra), which appears at the center of the abacus below the four lion capitals. It symbolizes the eternal wheel of law and dharma.

Gandhinagar has been the capital of Gujarat since the state's formation in 1960. Ahmedabad (option C, misspelled as Amedhabad) is the largest city but not the capital.

Delhi is the national capital territory of India and serves as the seat of the Indian government. New Delhi, located within Delhi, hosts key government institutions like the Parliament House and Rashtrapati Bhavan. While other options are major Indian cities (Mumbai, Kolkata) or a state (Rajasthan), only Delhi holds the capital status.

Indian Air Force Day is celebrated annually on 8th October to commemorate the establishment of the IAF in 1932. World Food Day is October 16th, Navy Day is December 4th, and Post Office Day is October 9th in India. The date 8th October specifically marks Air Force Day.

The Indian postal system has its origins in 1764 when Warren Hastings established the first post office under British East India Company rule. This makes 1764 the correct answer. The system evolved significantly over centuries, but 1764 marks its institutional beginning in India.

Taiwan's official currency is the New Taiwan Dollar (TWD), commonly referred to simply as the 'Dollar'. Franc is used in France/Switzerland, Pound in the UK, and Dinar in several Middle Eastern countries. The dollar is the only correct option among the choices provided.

Sushmita Sen made history in 1994 as the first Indian woman to win the Miss Universe pageant at age 18. Aishwarya Rai won Miss World in 1994 (same year, different pageant). Nikita Anand and Parvathy Omanakuttan are later titleholders. Sushmita Sen's victory was a landmark moment for India in international pageantry.

Rome has been Italy's capital since 1871 when Italy unified and chose the historic city as its seat of government. While Venice, Florence, and Milan are major Italian cultural and economic centers, Rome alone hosts the Italian government, Parliament, and Prime Minister's official residence.

A.I.R. stands for All India Radio, India's national public service broadcaster established in 1936. It's one of the largest broadcasting networks in the world, broadcasting in multiple languages. The other options are incorrect expansions - 'Rserve' is a typo, and the other two are unrelated organizations.

Hindi is the most widely spoken language and official language of Uttarakhand (formerly Uttaranchal). Punjabi is more common in Punjab, Bengali in West Bengal, and Sanskrit is a classical language with limited daily usage. While Uttarakhand has regional languages like Garhwali and Kumaoni, Hindi serves as the lingua franca.

J.E.T. stands for Joint Entrance Test, a common competitive examination format in India. The most famous JEE (Joint Entrance Examination) is for admission to IITs and NITs. 'Junior Education Test' and 'Junior Elementary Training' don't represent the standard expansion. The 'Joint Entrance' format is used for multiple professional courses.

All three options - Chandigarh, Daman (part of Daman and Diu), and Lakshadweep - are Union Territories of India. Union Territories are directly administered by the Central government unlike states. Therefore, 'All of these' is the correct answer as all individually qualify as Union Territories.

G.V. Mavalankar served as the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha from 1952 to 1956. He had previously served as Speaker of the Constituent Assembly and brought significant parliamentary experience to the role. M.A. Iyyangar succeeded him as the second Speaker.

Myanmar was officially known as Burma until 1989 when the military government changed the country's name. Siam is the old name of Thailand, while Malaya refers to the former federation that became part of Malaysia.

Sun Yat-sen served as the first Provisional President of the Republic of China in 1912 following the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty. He is considered the founding father of modern China and led the revolution that ended imperial rule.

Abu Dhabi is the capital and second-most populous city of the United Arab Emirates. It serves as the seat of the UAE government and houses the Abu Dhabi Emirate's ruling family. Dodoma is the capital of Tanzania, Hanoi of Vietnam, and Ankara of Turkey.

The first telephone exchange in India was established in Calcutta (now Kolkata) in 1881, just five years after Alexander Graham Bell patented the telephone. It was set up by the Oriental Telephone Company with 93 subscribers. Mumbai, Delhi, and other cities got telephone exchanges later.

The New Zealand Dollar (NZD) is the official currency of New Zealand. It was introduced in 1967, replacing the New Zealand pound. The dollar is divided into 100 cents and is one of the most traded currencies in the Asia-Pacific region.