India General Knowledge

'Education For All' (EFA) is a global initiative led by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) launched in 1990. It aimed to provide quality basic education for all children, youth, and adults. Option D is correct. World Bank, NCERT, and Ministry of HRD are not the lead agencies for this global programme.

The Yashpal Committee (1993) was formed to review the National Education Policy and recommend ways to reduce the academic burden on students. Its key recommendation was reducing curriculum load and making learning more joyful. Option C is correct. Options A, B, and D are not the committee's primary focus.

The Acharya Ramamurthy Committee (1990) was appointed to review the National Policy on Education 1986 and suggest modifications. Its review led to the 1992 revised policy. Option C is correct. Options A, B, and D refer to other education commissions from different time periods.

Mahatma Gandhi used the phrase 'A Beautiful Tree' to describe India's indigenous education system that existed before British intervention. He admired the traditional village-based education system. Option B is correct. Tagore, Annie Besant, and Aurobindo are not associated with this specific phrase.

Article 29(2) of the Indian Constitution prohibits denial of admission to state-funded educational institutions on grounds of religion, race, caste, language, or any combination of these. Option D is comprehensive and correct. Options A, B, and C are incomplete - the prohibition covers all these grounds together.

Polio immunization (oral polio vaccine drops) is primarily administered to children under 5 years of age, as this is the age group most vulnerable to polio virus. Option B is correct. Options A, C, and D are incorrect - polio drops are given to all children below 5, not just those in specific areas or already suffering from polio.

Education for girls should focus on their holistic development as individuals, enabling them to develop their personality, critical thinking, and full potential. Option D represents the most empowering and comprehensive view of girls' education. Options A, B, and C are narrow, instrumentalist views that subordinate girls' education to serving others' needs.

Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, known as the Missile Man of India, authored the autobiography 'Wings of Fire' which chronicles his early life, career, and work in Indian space and missile programs. 'Rivers of Fire' is by Taslima Nasrin, 'Discovery of India' by Jawaharlal Nehru, and 'My Experience with Missiles' is not a real Kalam book.

Satyajit Ray is world-renowned as a filmmaker, not primarily as a writer of stories, poems, or drama. He directed the acclaimed Apu Trilogy and numerous other films that brought Indian cinema to international attention. While he did write stories, his primary fame comes from his cinematic work.

Operation Sarp Vinash (Snake Destroy) was a major military operation conducted in 2003 by the Indian Army in the Surankote region of Jammu and Kashmir to flush out terrorists hiding in the mountainous terrain. The operation was named after the snake-like terrain and successfully eliminated numerous terrorist hideouts.

Anne Frank's diary documents her family's experiences hiding from Nazi persecution in Amsterdam during World War II. It records the life of Jews under Adolf Hitler's regime, including their fears, daily struggles, and ultimately their discovery. The diary is one of the most poignant first-person accounts of the Holocaust.

The term 'Black Gold' in economics and industry refers to coal, which has been called so due to its black color and immense economic value as an energy source. Coal powered the Industrial Revolution and remains a crucial energy resource. Petrol (petroleum) is called 'liquid gold' rather than black gold.

The modern numeral system (0-9) known as Arabic numerals was actually invented by ancient Indian mathematicians. This system was transmitted to the Arab world and then to Europe, which is why they're called 'Arabic numerals' despite their Indian origin. Key Indian mathematicians like Aryabhata and Brahmagupta developed this system.

Terrorism primarily aims to create fear, panic, and psychological terror among civilian populations. Unlike military operations that target combatants, terrorism deliberately targets civilians to maximize psychological impact and political pressure. The other options represent positive international goals that are antithetical to terrorism.

Kalpana Chawla, the first Indian-born woman in space, died during her final mission on the Space Shuttle Columbia (STS-107). The shuttle disintegrated upon re-entry on February 1, 2003, killing all seven crew members. Columbia was the oldest orbiter in NASA's fleet and had completed 27 previous missions before the fatal disaster.

Pakistan is geographically positioned to be bounded by Iran to the west, Afghanistan to the northwest, China to the northeast, and India to the east. This strategic location gives Pakistan significance in regional geopolitics. Nepal is landlocked between India and China, Iraq borders Iran but not Afghanistan or China, and Kazakhstan is further north in Central Asia.

Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay became the first confirmed climbers to reach Mount Everest's summit on May 29, 1953. This historic achievement was part of the British expedition led by John Hunt. The other dates (1947, 1959, 1973) are incorrect and do not correspond to any major Everest summits.

Devdas is based on the famous Bengali novel 'Devdas' written by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay (also spelled Chatterji). The novel has been adapted into films multiple times in Indian cinema. Bankim Chandra wrote 'Anandamath', Mahashweta Devi was a renowned feminist writer, and Rabindranath Tagore wrote 'Ghare Baire' and 'Gitanjali'.

Maqbool Fida Hussain (M.F. Hussain) was India's most celebrated modern painter, known as the 'Picasso of India'. He gained international recognition for his vibrant paintings depicting Indian mythology, history, and contemporary life. While he later ventured into film direction with 'Meenaxi', his primary fame came as a painter.

The Euro (€) is the official currency of the European Union, used by 19 of the 27 EU member countries in the Eurozone. Mark was the German currency before Euro, Kroner is used in Scandinavian countries (Denmark, Norway), and Rouble is the Russian currency.

David Beckham is one of the most famous football (soccer) players in history, known for his career with Manchester United, Real Madrid, LA Galaxy, and the England national team. He played as a midfielder and was renowned for his free kicks, crossing ability, and celebrity status.

The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act (2002) made elementary education a fundamental right under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution. This led to the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (2009), ensuring free education for children aged 6-14. The other options are incorrect - there is no punishment for non-attendance, and education is compulsory for all children, not just girls.