Biotechnology

The proteins that bind to and severe the actin filaments are called actin-fragmenting proteins. Gelsolin is an actin-fragmenting protein.

Acriflavin is an acridine dye that is known to create frame shift mutations, caused by a deletion or insertion in a DNA sequence that shifts the reading frame sequence.

Aconitase is an iron-containing enzyme, catalysing the interonversion of citrate and isocitrate in the citric acid cycle.

Spectrophotometer is an instrument that helps in measurement of the selective absorption of light and utilised in both qualitative and quantitative analysis of various molecules and chemicals. Naphthol blue black or Amido black 10B is a well known dye used for the spectrophotometric determination of proteins.

Various inhibitors are used in the study of the electron transport system at various levels of electron carriers. Amytal (5-ethyl-5-isoamylbarbituric acid) is a barbiturate drug that inhibits the electron transport system between the flavoproteins and coenzyme Q.

There are various chemical tests performed as a part of urine analysis. Tanret's test refers to a biochemical test that helps to determine the presence of albumin in urine; the reagent containing potassium iodide, mercuric chloride and acetic acid forms a white precipitate with albumin.

Catalysome refers to a cellular organelle, found in adipose tissue that functions in lipid metabolism. It may represent a specialised type of mitochondrion.

Allopurinol is an analogue of hypoxanthine used to treat individuals suffering from hyperuricemia as a result of gout and other pathological conditions.

Leuprolide is a well known gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist analog, that is more potent than the natural hormone, GnRH. It has been useful in prostatic cancer treatment.

Column chromatography is the method used in purification of individual chemical compounds from a mixture of compounds where the stationary phase is placed in a vertical glass column. Florisil refers to the trademark for a magnesium silicate adsorbent used in the column chromatography of lipids.

Hehner number refers to the percentage of nonvolatile, water-insoluble fatty acids in a lipid.

Vaccenic acid is an unsaturated 18-C based fatty acid with 1 double bond; it is the major unsaturated fatty acid found in E. coli.

Abrin is the plant protein with antitumor activity. It inhibits protein synthesis in eukaryotes by inhibiting the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosomes.

Troglitazone refers to a synthetic ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-ã that is known to induce apoptosis, and autophagy in a variety of cancer cells.

Temperature is one of the important abiotic factor influencing plant growth. Bolometer is a temperature transducer used for the measurement of minute quantities of radiant heat.

Ripoptosome represents a death-inducing signalling platform that assembles in response to genotoxic stress.

Acrolein test is a qualitative test for glycerol that is based on the dehydration and oxidation of glycerol to acrolein by heating with potassium bisulphate.

Autocoids are a group of substances found naturally in our body that resemble hormones or drugs in their activity on cells, and thus act on restricted areas of our body. Somatomammotropin is a typical hormone and not an example of autocoid.

Trehalose, made of glucose is used as energy source by insects.

Clotting factor XIII or fibrin stabilising factor refers to the blood clotting factor that helps in stabilising the final blood clot or fibrin.