Diversity of the Living World

Ceratium furca blooms because of coastal eutrophication. Blooms of this species cause toxic red tides (red-brown), damage fish gills and deplete dissolved oxygen causing anoxic conditions.

Red tides are unrelated to movements of the tides. They are not necessarily red and many have no discolouration at all.

Isospora belli is a species of internal parasites. It is responsible for the condition isosporiasis. Autofluorescence aids detection.

An oocyst with one sporoblast is released in the stool of infected person. After the oocyst has been released, the sporoblast matures further and divides into two.

Trichonympha is a genus of parabasalian protists that live in the intestines of termites.

Schüffner's dots refers to a hematological finding that is associated with malaria, exclusively found in Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium vivax. Plasmodium vivax induces morphologic alterations in infected host erythrocytes that are visible by light microscopy in Romanovsky-stained blood smears as multiple brick-red dots.

Trypanosoma rangeli is considered nonpathogenic in humans. It has been proposed for use in the prevention of Chagas disease.

Leishmania donovani is a human blood parasite responsible for visceral leishmaniasis or kala-azar, the most severe form of leishmaniasis. It infects the mononuclear phagocyte system including spleen, liver and bone marrow.

Plasmodium garnhami is a protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium. It has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are birds.

Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is a disease caused by parasitic worms. In terms of impact this disease is second only to malaria as the most devastating parasitic disease. Schistosomiasis is considered one of the Neglected Tropical Diseases.

In brown algae, cell wall of algin and cellulose protects them against waves and exposure to air. This component ensures uniform freezing and melting of food items. 

Entamoeba histolytica is an anaerobic parasitic protozoan, predominantly infecting humans and other primates. E. histolytica may modulate the virulence of certain human viruses and is itself a host for its own viruses. For example, AIDS accentuates the damage and pathogenicity of E. histolytica. 

Cryptosporidium is a genus of apicomplexan protozoans that can cause gastrointestinal illness with diarrhea in humans. Cryptosporidium is the organism most commonly isolated in HIV-positive patients presenting with diarrhea.

Fertilization of the female gamete by the male gamete occurs rapidly after gametogenesis. The fertilization event produces a zygote. The zygote then develops into an ookinete. The zygote and ookinete are the only diploid stages of P. falciparum.

Dientamoeba fragilis is a single-celled parasite found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans, pigs and gorillas. It is an important cause of travellers diarrhoea, chronic diarrhoea, fatigue and, in children, failure to thrive.