General Knowledge

The Sun is primarily composed of Hydrogen (about 73% by mass) and Helium (about 25% by mass), with trace amounts of heavier elements. These elements undergo nuclear fusion in the Sun's core, producing the enormous energy that radiates outward.

Vitamin K is essential for blood coagulation (clotting) as it helps produce clotting factors in the liver. Without adequate Vitamin K, blood cannot clot properly, leading to excessive bleeding. Vitamin A supports vision, Vitamin D regulates calcium absorption, and Vitamin E is an antioxidant.

The Constituent Assembly of India was formed in 1946 under the Cabinet Mission Plan, which proposed the framework for drafting India's constitution. The Cripps Mission (1942) and Wavell Plan failed, while the Nehru Report was a 1928 draft constitution.

The Magna Carta (1215) established the principle that even the monarch was subject to the law, laying the foundation for constitutional law and limited government. It influenced constitutional development worldwide, though it didn't directly create international, labor, or criminal law systems.

Arabs were the first to bring Islam to India, arriving as traders in the 7th century CE (particularly in Kerala), well before the Turkic and Central Asian invasions. The Turks (including Slave Rulers) came in the 12th century, while Khaljis emerged later in the 13th century.

Switzerland uses a directorial system with a Federal Council, not the Westminster system. Malaysia, Singapore, and Australia all follow the Westminster parliamentary system inherited from British colonial rule. The Westminster system features a ceremonial head of state and an executive prime minister drawn from the legislature.

The Saka Era began in 78 AD during the reign of the Kushan ruler Kanishka I. This calendar system was widely used in ancient India and continues to be used in traditional Indian calendars today. The other options are incorrect: 50 BC and 28 AD are too early, while 129 AD is too late.

Justine Henin is indeed Belgian, born in Liège, Belgium. She was one of the most successful tennis players of her era, winning 7 Grand Slam singles titles including 4 French Open championships. Spain, France, and Canada are incorrect.

The Treaty of Sreerangapattam (1792) ended the Third Anglo-Mysore War and was signed between Tipu Sultan and Lord Cornwallis. Cornwallis was the Governor-General of India at that time. Clive was earlier (1757 Battle of Plassey), Warren Hastings preceded Cornwallis, and Wellesley came later (1798-1805).

Manu is traditionally regarded as the great Hindu law giver, author of the Manusmriti (Laws of Manu), which codified Hindu social and moral laws. Banabhatta was a Sanskrit poet, Panini was a grammarian, and Shankaracharya was a philosopher who revived Hinduism.

At equilibrium income, planned investment equals saving. Since saving is income not spent on consumption, this means the amount society wishes to spend on investment equals the amount of income not spent on consumption. Option A describes full employment (not necessarily equilibrium), Option B is tautological (actual always equals actual in national accounts), and Option C describes zero saving.

The Iron Pillar at Mehrauli (Delhi) is widely believed to commemorate the victories of Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya) of the Gupta Empire. The inscription mentions a ruler named Chandra, most historians identify this as Chandragupta II. Ashoka and Chandragupta Maurya were from the earlier Mauryan period, while Samudragupta was Chandragupta II's grandfather.

The bronze Nataraja icon is indeed a masterpiece of Chola art (9th-13th century AD). The Cholas excelled in bronze casting using the lost-wax technique, creating dynamic sculptures of Shiva as Nataraja (Lord of Dance). Gandhara art was Indo-Greek style, Gupta art was from a different period, and Mauryan art was much earlier.

The Rigveda was composed orally and later written down during the early Iron Age in India (c. 1500-1200 BC). This period coincided with the use of iron tools in Northwestern India. The Stone Age and Copper Age (Chalcolithic) were earlier, while the Bronze Age in India is associated with the Indus Valley Civilization which predated the Vedic period.

Babur was indeed a first-rate poet who wrote in both Persian and Chagatai Turkic. His autobiography 'Baburnama' is considered a masterpiece of Turki literature and contains his poetry. While Akbar patronized the arts, Jahangir wrote memoirs, and Shah Jahan commissioned architecture, Babur stands out as the most accomplished poet among the great Mughals.

Ravi Shankar, the legendary sitar maestro, is indeed the author of 'My Music, My Life' (1968). The book covers his musical philosophy, training, and experiences introducing Indian classical music to Western audiences. Vishwa Mohan Bhatt (Mohan Veena), Amjad Ali Khan (sarod), and M.S. Subbulakshmi (vocal) are all great musicians but not authors of this particular book.

Tamil Nadu is NOT a major wheat-producing state as its climate and soil are suited for rice cultivation, not wheat. Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh are India's top wheat-producing states, collectively contributing over 80% of the country's wheat production. The question asks which state CANNOT be called a major wheat producer.

A firm reaches optimum size when average total cost (ATC) is at its minimum - this is the technical optimum where economies of scale are fully exhausted. Option B is incorrect because MC being minimum doesn't determine optimum size. Option C describes profit maximization (MR=MC), not optimum size. Option D is also profit maximization, not technical optimum.

The Consolidated Fund of India is the most important account of the Union Government under Article 266 of the Constitution. All government revenues, money raised by loans, and loan repayments must be credited to this fund. The Public Account holds money held in trust (like provident funds), while the Contingency Fund is for unforeseen emergencies.

Centurion Bank was a private sector bank (later merged with HDFC Bank in 2008) and was never nationalized. Andhra Bank, Corporation Bank, and Central Bank of India are all public sector banks that were nationalized and remain government-owned. Public sector banks are those where the majority stake (51% or more) is held by the government.

The Liaodi Pagoda in China's Hebei province is the world's tallest pagoda, standing 84 meters (276 feet) tall. Built in 1055 AD during the Song Dynasty, it remains an architectural marvel. Pagodas are traditional East Asian towers with multiple tiers, primarily associated with Buddhist architecture in China, Japan, and Korea.

The 16th Asian Games were held in Guangzhou, China in 2010. This was the second time China hosted the Asian Games (after Beijing in 1990). Guangzhou, a major port city in southern China, built extensive infrastructure for the event including new venues and athlete facilities. Incheon hosted the 2014 games, not 2010.

The Galilean moons are Jupiter's four largest moons discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610: Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. Ganymede is the largest moon in our solar system, larger than the planet Mercury. These were the first moons discovered orbiting a planet other than Earth and provided crucial evidence for the heliocentric model of the solar system.