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The sentence 'I am on a diet yet I really want a chocolate ice-cream' contains two independent clauses - 'I am on a diet' and 'I really want a chocolate ice-cream' - connected by the coordinating conjunction 'yet'. A compound sentence is defined as having at least two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so). Option A is incorrect because a simple sentence has only one independent clause. Option B is incorrect because an assertive sentence is a functional classification based on purpose, not structure. Option D is incorrect because option C is the correct answer.