Diversity In Living Organisms

Whittaker classified the living organisms into five kingdoms namely Monera, Fungi, Protista, Animalia and Plantae. Kingdom is the highest taxonomy category.

Statement 1 is correct. Binary fission is an asexual mode of reproduction, in which an organism splits to form another individual. Most of the bacteria reproduce by binary fission.
Statement 2 is also correct. Yes, human insulin is produced from a <span style="font-family:" arial;="" font-size:="" small;="">transgenic species of Escherichia. 

All birds are classified under the class Aves.
The characteristics of birds are:

1. Forelimbs are modified into wings.
2. Respiration is through lungs.
3. Heart is four-chambered.
4. They lay eggs.

The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) is the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the formal botanical names that are given to plants.

Statement 1 is correct. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
Statement 2 is also correct. Kingdom Fungi is placed in between the Kingdoms Plantae and Animalia because it possesses both the characterstics of plants and animals. For e.g. yeast, mushroom, etc.

Statement 1 is incorrect. Feeding on dead and decaying organisms is a saprophytic mode of nutrition.
Statement 2 is also incorrect. Scorpions are carnivorous. They derive energy and nutrient requirements from a diet consisting mainly or exclusively of animal tissue.

(1) Kingdom Monera - (ii) Paramecium
(2) Kingdom Fungi - (iii) Yeast
(3) Kingdom Protista - (iv) Sponge
(4) Kingdom Plantae - (i) Ferns

Statement 1 is correct. Ornithology is a branch of zoology that concerns the study of birds.
Statement 2 is incorrect. Among mammals, reptiles, fishes and amphibians, the smallest eggs belong to class mammals.

Whale – Mammal
Crocodile – Reptile
Shark – Fish
Toad – Amphibian

Statement 1 is incorrect. Paramecium has cilia for locomotion.
Statement 2 is also incorrect. Jellyfish is a free-swimming marine animal.

Statement 1 is incorrect. Androecium is a male part and gynoecium is a female part of plants.
Statement 2 is correct. Heterotrophic mode of nutrition is one of a characterstic feature of kingdom Animalia.

Statement 1 is correct. Plants are categorised as angiosperms (seeds enclosed in fruits) and gymnosperms (naked seeds)
Mustard and pea are angiosperms, i.e. their seeds are enclosed in fruits.
Statement 2 is also correct. All mammals have a spine or a backbone. Therefore, they are categorised under vertebrates.

All are correctly matched.

1. Saprophytes obtain their food from dead and decaying organic matter.
2. Parasites live on another organism for food usually causing it harm.
3. Holozoic organisms obtain nutrients from other organisms or organic matter.
4. Heterotrophic organisms obtain their food from plants.