Organisation in Living Organisms

The complex plant tissues are composed of xylem and phloem. They are responsible for the transport of materials in the plant and they run parallel from roots to leaves.

Statement 1 is correct. Spleen is called as the blood bank because it holds the reserve of blood in case of hemorrhagic shock.
Statement 2 is also correct. The four chambered heart increases the efficiency of delivery of oxygenated blood to tissues by preventing mixing with deoxygenated blood.

Xylem tissues are present in plants to conduct water from roots to leaves.
Plastids are the pigment containing organelles. They are responsible to impart colour to the plants.

Statement 1 is incorrect. Osteoblasts are bone cells. Bone cells are of two types:- Osteoblasts and osteocytes.
Statement 2 is also incorrect. Liver is the largest gland of the human body.

The concentration of heavy metals in the body of the organisms increases with the increase in trophic level. Since phytoplanktons are present at the lower most trophic level, the concentration of heavy metals in phytoplanktons will be minimum while the concentration of heavy metals in the Whale will be highest as it is present at a higher trophic level. Hence, the correct order of organisms with increasing levels of heavy metals is

1. Phytoplankton < 2. Zooplankton < 3.  Labio < 4. Whale

(i) Brain - (b) Neurons
(ii) Lungs - (d) Alveoli
(iii) Kidneys - (a) Nephrons
(iv) Heart - (c) Ventricles

Statement 1 is incorrect. Only mammals have the unique arrangement of three bones in the middle ear.
Statement 2 is correct. Mammals are osmoregulators, i.e. they maintain the percentage of salts and water in their body.

Statement 1 is incorrect. Cells are the first level of organisation for living things.
The correct order of levels of organisation of living organisms is:
Cell level - Tissue level - Organ level - Organism
Statement 2 is correct. Aristotle is called the father of biology because he accomplished great things in biology such as empirical research program, classification of living things, theory of biological forms, etc.

Statement 1 is incorrect. Transpiration does not take place through stomata only. Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers.
Statement 2 is correct. The smaller the cell, the more it will be active metabolically, e.g. RBCs which are smaller as compared to other body cells carry the maximum oxygen to body parts. 

Statement 1 is correct. The human body is supported by a framework of bones, called skeleton. The skeleton consists of 206 bones.
Statement 2 is also correct. Cartilages are found between two or more bones. They prevent bones from rubbing against each other.

(1) Population is the total number of individuals living (inhabiting) in a particular area (country, city, state, etc.)
(2) The ecosystem is the group of living organisms (including  plants, animals, and microbes) and their surrounding. For example, water ecosystem, pond ecosystem, etc.
(3) Community is a group of individuals living together in a defined area, e.g. humans, animals etc.
(4) Biosphere is the part of Earth's crust, water and atmosphere that supports the life. For example, hydrosphere, lithosphere, etc.

Statement 1 is correct. Blood is a connective tissue because it carries oxygen throughout the body to all other tissues.
Statement 2 is also correct. Erythrocytes (RBCs) help transport oxygen to various body parts.

Statement 1 is incorrect. Epithelial tissue covers the outer surface of the whole body. It also lines the internal organs, cavities and other parts of the body.
Statement 2 is correct. Cardiac muscles are specialised involuntary muscles present in the heart.
They help the heart to pump blood day and night.