Human Anatomy

Digestion involves mixing food with digestive juices, moving it through the digestive tract, and breaking down large molecules of food into smaller molecules. Digestion begins in the mouth, when you chew and swallow, and is completed in the small intestine.

The endocrine system is instrumental in regulating mood, growth and development, tissue function, metabolism, as well as sexual function and reproductive processes. This system consists of a network of ductless glands that regulate and balance the body's hormones, PH, temperature and assimilation of light. The endocrine glands include the pineal, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, pancreas, gonads (ovaries and testes) and adrenals.

The diaphragm assists in respiration. When the scalenes and external intercostals contract while the diaphragm descends, your lungs inhale air. When your abdominal muscles contract and the diaphragm rises, you exhale.

Wastes in the blood come from the normal breakdown of active tissues, such as muscles, and from food. The body uses food for energy and self-repairs. After the body has taken what it needs from food, wastes are sent to the blood. If the kidneys did not remove them, these wastes would build up in the blood and damage the body. When nitrogenous waste products accumulate in the blood, it is an indication that the kidneys are not functioning properly.

The assimilation process of digested food in humans is very much complex as the digested food has to be utilized in a very proper way that can help human to live healthy life. The products of the digestion are finally absorbed through the lining of small intestine into the blood stream and become a part of the cell components, this is called assimilation. Blood carries these products to each and every part of the body. On reaching the cells they either take part in the synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins and fats of the human tissue or are metabolized to generate energy in the form of ATP which is used when required.

The amount of hemoglobin in the blood averages between 12 and 16 grams/100 milliliters of blood in adult females, about 14 and 18 in males, and somewhat less in children.

Skeletal muscle is the most abundant of the human body's tissues.

Human saliva production typically ranges from 0.75 to 1.5 liters per day, averaging about 1-1.5 liters for a healthy adult. This varies based on hydration, diet, and individual factors. 1.5 liters represents the upper end of normal production.

The loop of Henle (Henle's loop) is a U-shaped portion of the nephron located in the renal medulla of the kidney. It plays a crucial role in concentrating urine and maintaining water balance through countercurrent multiplication. The other options (ovary, intestine, testis) are unrelated to renal physiology.

Tendons are dense connective tissues that connect skeletal muscles to bones, transmitting muscle forces to produce movement. Ligaments connect bones to other bones, providing joint stability. Capillaries are blood vessels, and cartilage is flexible connective tissue - neither connects muscle to bone.

The majority of phosphorus found in the body is bound up with calcium in the bones as calcium phosphate, accounting for around 80% of the bodily total. The main component of bones and teeth is Calcium phosphate.

Functions of kidneys are:

Blood does not clot inside the body because if a person containing antigen 'a', then serum must contain anybody 'b', serum could not contain antibody 'a' or your own blood will agglutinate.

Memory functions are distributed across the cerebral cortex. The hippocampus (in the medial temporal lobe) is crucial for forming new memories, while the temporal cortex stores long-term memories and the prefrontal cortex manages working memory. The cortex encompasses all these regions. The cerebellum coordinates movement, medulla controls vital functions, and cerebrum is the overarching structure.

Correct Answer: Only I

 The second major blood grouping system is the Rhesus (Rh) system. Like the ABO blood types, the Rh factor is an inherited blood protein, or antigen, on red blood cells.