Gen Studies (Electricity and Magnetism)

Extension cords can be a tripping hazard, and can be easily damaged causing an unsafe situation. There are many ways of safely getting power to each work place, where wiring is protected and concealed.

Statement 1 is correct. Steel is used to make permanent magnets because steel is an alloy of iron, and iron is the basic material that can be used to make permanent magnets.
Statement 2 is incorrect. Glass is a bad conductor of electricity.

Statement 1 is wrong. No, India stood at fifth position in terms of installed capacity of power generation till February 2013.
Statement 2 is correct. UPS stands for Uninterruptible Power Supply. For examples, the equipments that may require a UPS supply are computers, fire detection systems, hospital operating theatre equipment and escape route lighting.

Statement 1 is incorrect. The transformer is used to transform a medium voltage supply to a low voltage supply.
Statement 2 is also incorrect. A battery is used to measure the voltage potential.

Statement 1 is wrong. In electric fittings, the wires are earthed because in case of short circuit, the current would pass to the earth.
Statement 2 is also incorrect. Fluorescent bulbs generate light by sending an electrical discharge through an ionised gas.

Diamond cannot conduct electricity. - Insulator
Steel is attracted by a magnet. - Magnetic
Copper is not attracted by a magnet. - Non-magnetic
Glass cannot conduct electricity. - Insulator

Statement 1 is correct. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) agency of the Government of India, under the Ministry of Power, was created in 2002 under the provisions of the nation's 2001 Energy Conservation Act. The agency's function is to develop programs which will increase the conservation and efficient use of energy in India.
Statement 2 is incorrect. CT (Computer Topography) uses X-rays to make detailed pictures of structures inside the body.
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) uses a magnetic field and radio waves to take pictures of the body's internal organs.

The Earth's magnetic field goes out into outer space to protect us from the substances present in the space by repulsion.

Solution 1 is correct. If magnets are excessively heated, they can lose their magnetism. So, permanent magnets can be damaged by excessive heating.Statement 2 is also correct. Magnetic compass (which always direct towards North direction) can be used by pilots and navigators to find the direction.

A magnetic compass is not used to increase the strength of current in a circuit and to magnetise a magnetic material because it is considered as a test magnet having feeble strength.
All the others 1, 2 and 4 are applications of magnetic compass.

Statement 1 is correct. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is not recommended for a person who has pacemaker on his chest.
Statement 2 is incorrect. A magnet has a north and south poles and they always exist in pair.

Statement 1 is incorrect. Electric pressure is also called voltage.
Statement 2 is correct. Michael Faraday is known as 'Father of Electricity' for his work on electricity and magnetism.

Statement 1 is correct. Paper is an insulating material, i.e. it does not conduct electricity.
Statement 2 is incorrect. The heating element of a heater should be made with a material, which has low resistivity and high melting point.

The electrical resistance of an electrical conductor is the opposite to the passage of an electric current through that conductor.
In dimmer bulb, the electrical resistance is more than that of brighter light.

Death may be caused if a heavy current flows through the body. The current flows due to potential difference.
When a person standing on earth touches a 220V line, potential difference exists between the two as the earth is at different potential.
However, a bird is at 11,000 V potential but no current flows through it because there is no potential difference across its body.