Human Reproduction

Discus proligerous is also known as cumulus oophorus or follicular granulosa. It surrounds ovarian follicle which carries centrally placed ovum.

Archenteron is the cavity, which occurs inside gastrula and is the future alimentary canal. It opens to the outside through blastopore, which later on closes.

It is almost free of yolk.

It is blastula with blastocoel.

Allantois consists of mesoderm on outside and endoderm internally.

It is formed around the plasma membrane of egg secerted by ovum itself.

Tunica serotina also known as Basal deciduas or Decidua basalis is a part of deciduas underlying chorionic villi and overlying myometrium.

Cells of inner cell mass or embryonal knob get rearranged to form a flat embryonic disc or germinal disc. The latter differentiate into two layers, outer epiblast of large columnar cells and inner hypoblast of smaller cuboidal cells.

The first epiblast cell moves inward and displaces the hypoblast to create endoderm. Once endoderm is formed, inwardly moving epiblast forms mesoderm. Cells remaining in the epiblast form ectoderm. Thus, the epiblast is source of all germ layers.

Secondary oocyte undergoes meiosis-II to form ootid.

The growth, maintenance and functions of secondary male sex organs are regulated by testosterone.

Although estrogen and progesterone are essential for physical development of the breast during pregnancy, a specific effect of both these hormone is to inhibit the actual secretion of milk.

Endometrium regenerates within 5 - 6 days of the cycle.

Sperms are decapacitated in epididymis where they mature.

Skene's gland, (also known as paraurethral gland) found in females, is homologous ( similar in structure, but different in function) to prostate gland found in males.

It cannot be treated with antibiotics.

Labia minora fuses anteriorly to form a skin fold called perpuce in front of small erectile organ, the clitoris. Labia minora also fuse posteriorly to form a membranous fold, called fourchette.

It is the placenta with only three barriers.

LH (Luteinizing hormone) from pituitary helps in converting ruptured Graafian follicle into Corpus luteum.

Metadiscoidal placenta – The placenta in which the villi are initially distributed uniformly all over the surface but later on get confined to a disc – like area fitting into corresponding depression on the uterine wall, for example  humans and apes.

It is caused by bacteria neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Secondary oocyte starts meiosis II and proceeds upto metaphase II, further development starts only after the arrival of spermatozoa. Entery of sperm restarts the cell cycle by breaking down MPF(M-phase promoting factor) and turning on APC(Anaphase promoting complex).

Acrosome is formed from golgi complex.