Indian Law Comprehensive Quiz

Undue influence requires unfair pressure from a dominating position. Bodily distress affecting mental capacity does not constitute undue influence - it may affect consent through other doctrines (like incapacity), but undue influence specifically requires one party to dominate the will of another through real or apparent authority, fiduciary relationship, or similar power imbalance. Threatening suicide would be coercion, not undue influence.

Consideration must be of some value, but need not be inadequate.

In Seema vs. Ashwani kumar, the Supreme Court held that the Registration of Marriage should be made compulsory. 

Constitution Amendment Bills have to be passed in each House of Parliament by a special majority, ie. by a majority of the total membership of that House and by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members of the House 'present and voting'.

Damage actually caused by a breach of contract, where special circumstances have been brought to the knowledge of the promise, is recoverable provided that when the contract was made, such damages were reasonably foreseeable.

(a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iv)

Law is the most important formal means of social control. Early societies depended upon informal means of social control, but when societies grew in size and complexity, they were compelled to formulate rules and regulations which define the required types of behaviour and specify the penalties to be imposed upon those who violate them. Law is a body of rules enacted by legally authorised bodies and enforced by authorised agencies.

It is also essential that the thing causing harm must escape from the premises of the defendant. It should not be within the reach of the defendant after its escape.

a-(iv), b-(iii), c-(ii), d-(i)

'Law is no doubt a remedy for greater evils, yet it brings evils of its own' was said by Lord Atkin.

Mohiri bibee vs. Dharmodas Ghose - Capacity to contract
Hadley vs. Baxandale - Amount of damages
Lalman Shukla vs. Gauri Dutt - Acceptance of a contract 

The marriage is valid.

Double jeopardy is a procedural defence that forbids a defendant from being tried again on the same or similar charges.

Liability for dangerous substances is absolute in India.
Liability for dangerous substances arises on negligence.
Strict liability rule has various exceptions.
Strict liability arises without negligence.

The Trade Union Act, 1926 applies to registered trade union only.

(a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)

Pipraich Sugar Mills vs. Mazdoor Union 1956
Management of V.B. India Ltd. vs. Jaganath 1973
Hindustan Steel Ltd. vs. Presiding Officer 1976
Management of KSRT Corp., Bangalore vs. M. Boraih 1983

(a)-2, (b)-3, (c)-1, (d)-4

Justice Verma Committee was conscious of the fact that any non-operationalization of Fundamental Duties might not necessarily be the lack of concern or non-availability of legal and other enforceable provisions; but it was more a case of lacuna in the strategy of implementation

In Hohfeld's analytical framework of legal concepts, the correlative of liberty is no-right. Liberty means one may act without being accountable to others; the corresponding position from others' perspective is no-right - they have no legal claim to prevent that action. Right correlative is duty, power correlative is liability.

Volenti non fit injuria is a defence in tort that means where a person engages in an event accepting and aware of the risks inherent in that event, then they cannot later seek compensation for an injury suffered during the event.
Where the plaintiff had knowledge and volunteered to take the risk, the plea of volenti non fit Injuria can be taken. 

Section 5 of Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 establishes monogamy as the rule - a Hindu cannot marry during the lifetime of a spouse. Section 11 provides that such marriages are void ab initio. Therefore, the assertion that the second marriage is void is correct, and the reason stating monogamy is the rule is also correct.