Rumblings of the Pre-Gandhian Era

Establishment of Archaeological Department of India - 1904
Partition of Bengal - 1905
Foundation of Muslim League - 1906
Execution of Kudiram Bose - 1908

Lyall Commission (1897) - Famine
Frazer Commission (1902-03) - Police Reforms
Raleigh Commission (1904) - Education
Islington Commission (1912) - Public Services Reforms

Statement 1 is correct.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Lord Curzon declared to build the British Empire in India on a 'Rock of Granite'.

Statement 1 is correct: Bhadruddin Tyabji became the first Muslim President of the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1187 at the Madras Session.
Statement 2 is correct: George Yule became the first English President of the INC in the Allahabad Session, 1888.
Statement 3 is also correct: Constitution for the INC was adopted in the Madras Session, 1908.

Explanation: Statement 1 is correct: The Kuka movement was launched by Bhagat Jawaharmal, who was popularly known as Sian Saheb. Later the revolt was led by Baba Ram Singh.
Statement 2 is correct: The movement started in 1845 and continued till 1872.
Statement 3 is correct: The movement took place in West Punjab. The headquarters of the movement was at Hazro in North West Frontier Province.
Statement 4 is correct: The movement aimed at purifying the Sikh religion by removing abuses and superstitions that had crept in.

The correct chronological order of the events given is:
Delhi Durbar -  1877
Vernacular Press Act  -  1878
Establishment of Belur Math  -  1898
Establishment of Allahabad university  -  1888

Statement 1 is correct: Mahatma Gandhi presided over only the Belgaon (Belgaum) session of the Indian National Congress in 1924.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Gandhiji founded Sabarmati Ashram to train his associates in moral and emotional life of a satyagrahi, not to launch any battle against anyone.

Expressing his opinion about the possible effects of English education on the probable maintenance of the British government in India, Sir Charles E. Trevelyan argued before the Indian Committee of Houses of Lords in 1835 that “the British raj in India could not last forever.”

The correct chronological order of the events given is:
Arrival of Gandhi ji  -  9^th January 1915
Tilak released after six years of jail  -  June 1914
Komagata Maru reached Budge Budge  -  September 1914
Outbreak of the First World War  -  August 1914

Statement 1 is wrong: No doubt that the early imperialistic domination led to virtual absence of capitalistic development in Bengal but in Bombay and Gujarat the cause for the absence of ndustrial development was the threat from the Marathas. Thus, after 1818, that is, after the collapse of the Marathas these regions started witnessing signs of industrial development.
Statement 2 is correct: The Charter Act of 1813 ended the Company's monopoly of Indian trade and made it an open market. With this, the Indian handicrafts lost not only to foreign markets but also to Indian market.

Moderates: A.O. Hume, Dadabhai Nauroji, W. Wedderburn, S.N. Bannerjee, F.S. Mehta, W.C. Bannerjee, G.K. Gokhale.
Extremeists: Bal-Pal-Lal, Aurbindo Ghosh, Swami Vivekananda and Dayananda Saraswati.

East India Association was founded by Dadabhai Nauroji.

Nauroji, in his ‘economic drain theory, described the British rule as – 'An everlasting and everyday increasing foreign invasion'. In his opinion, the British were responsible for the destruction of India’s indigenous industries and mass poverty in India.

Statement 1 is correct: Poona Seva Sadan was established in 1909 by G.K. Devdhar and Ramabai Ranade (wife of M.G. Ranade).
The Sadan aimed at establishing institutions for the economic development and for providing gainful employment to women.

The reason is the correct explanation of the assertion because, after the advent of the British, the nation came under the colonial exploitation and the gap among different groups of people widened. The farmers and worker class was exploited the most and those people who showed their loyalty towards the British, were less penalised.