Biochemistry

Cephalexin is an example of first generation cephalosporins. The first generation cephalosporin antibiotics are known to possess better activity against gram-positive bacteria.

Tetracycline acts as bacteriostatic antibiotic that acts as protein synthesis inhibitor, blocking tRNA. It does not belong to the group of aminoglycosides.

Piericidin A is an antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces mobaraensis, that resembles coenzyme Q in its structure and inhibits the electron transport system between NADH dehydrogenase and cytochrome b.

Erythromycin belongs to macrolide group of antibiotics that are bacteriostatic and inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit.

Nalidixic acid belongs to the group of quinolones, that act as inhibitors of DNA synthesis.

Trehalose, made of glucose is used as energy source in insects.

Aminoglycosides are the relevant bactericidal antibiotics that belong to the class of cyclitol antibiotics.

Amylose is an example of linear storage polysaccharide.

Aminoglycoside is a bactericidal antibiotic that helps to kill or destroy bacteria.

Cholesterol comprises 26% of total lipids in the human myelin sheath.

Cycloheximide refers to an antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces griseus, that inhibits the protein synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase in eukaryotic systems.

Cycloheximide inhibits protein synthesis in eukaryotic system by inhibiting the translocation of peptidyl-tRNA.

Oligomycin inhibits ATP synthase. Thus the proton gradient is not utilized & the electrochemical gradient remains high, leading to the inhibition of complex I, III & IV.

Cholesterol comprises 25% of total lipids in RBC cell membrane.

Cyrus Levinthal proposed the Levinthal’s paradox that is associated with the kinetics of protein folding.