Food Sources and Nutrition Basics

Those animals which provide us milk are known as milch animals. Cow, buffalo, camel, goat, etc. are some of the examples of milch animals.

Yes, it is not obtained from wheat. It is obtained by flattening rice. 

Yes, this is the correct answer. Orange peel is not a source of iron. It is a good source of calcium, dietary fibre and vitamin C.

Wheat, rice, and corns are obtained from the grassy grains. The grains are starchy and are used to cook food and thus collectively known as cereals.

Yes, it is the correct answer. The substances, which are combined to make a particular dish are called ingredients. For example, a dish of dal can be made by using many ingredients such as pulses, salt, spices, oil and water.

It is composed mainly of cellulose, which keeps our digestive system normal and helps in easy defecation. 

Kheer is a complex cooked food product made by using milk, sugar and rice. Out of these milk is the only animal product, whereas both sugar and rice are plant products. 

Food is vital for living beings as it helps in the maintenance of the body by protecting us from diseases and regulating our body functions, by providing proper nutrition. It also helps the organisms in their proper growth. So, statement given in option (3), saying that food maintains our life and growth, is correct. 

Cooking makes the components of the food simpler and easily digestible by the body. Also, cooking of food kills various germs so, the food can be preserved for long. 

Vitamins (especially B vitamins) act as coenzymes or cofactors that are essential for proper enzyme function. Many enzymes require vitamin-derived cofactors to catalyze biochemical reactions. Salts, carbohydrates, and alkaloids do not typically function as enzyme cofactors in the same way.

Insufficient dietary iodine causes the thyroid gland to enlarge (goitre) as it tries to capture more iodine from the blood to produce thyroid hormones. Cretinism results from iodine deficiency during fetal development. Gigantism is caused by excess growth hormone. The thyroid responds to iodine deficiency by enlarging.

Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption and bone mineralization. Deficiency causes rickets (soft, weak bones in children) and osteomalacia (soft bones in adults). Vitamins A, B, and E are important for other functions but not directly for bone mineralization. The connection is calcium metabolism.