Network Protocols and Fundamentals

RARP stands for Reverse Address Resolution Protocol. It finds the logical address for a machine that knows only its physical address.One or more unique logical (IP) address is assigned to host or router and this address is independent from the physical (hardware) address of the machine because it knows the physical address, but not its IP adress, so this is the correct answer.

It reports errors and other information to help you diagnose unsuccessful packet delivery.

Clock synchronization is used in the preamble of an Ethernet network. It provides synchronization and input timing to the frame to alert the receiving system.

It manages IP multicast group.
It collects and exchanges network management information between a network management console and network devices.

Servers are fast computers that run various software's, store and process information and also provide a human interface to the user to use the networked computers.

It substitutes long zero level pulses with a combination of other levels to provide synchronization.

It resolves the internet layer address to a network interface layer address such as hardware address.

It collects and exchanges network management information between a network management console and network devices.

It provides a one to one or one to many, connectionless and unreliable communication service.

It is a protocol that routers use to exchange routing information on an IP network.

It establishes connections, sequences and acknowledges packet sent and recovers packets lost during transmission.

This services can be thought of as different layers that use lower-level services to provide services to higher-level services.

DNS primarily uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) on port number 53 to serve requests.

These are used for low speed data communications between PCs and very small computers.

Time to live (TTL) or hop limit is a mechanism that limits the lifespan or lifetime of data in a computer or network. TTL may be implemented as a counter or timestamp attached to or embedded in the data. Once the prescribed event count or timespan has elapsed, data is discarded.

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is used to test the internet. ICMP messages are typically used for diagnostic or control purposes or generated in response to errors in IP operations.

The IEEE standard 802.2 defines the Logical Link Control (LLC).