SQL Database

This language in SQL is involved in retrieval of data, insertion of new data and deletion or modification of existing data.

This exception is raised in PL/SQL when a select statement returns zero rows.

This in SQL represents the set of all permissible values for that particular column.

This is the first step in starting the database in Oracle.

This loop does not exist in PL/SQL.
This statement allows one to change the flow of control within a PL/SQL block

In SQL, DELETE removes specific rows based on a condition, while TRUNCATE removes all rows from a table quickly by de-allocating data pages. Both commands are used to remove rows - DELETE is more flexible for selective removal, while TRUNCATE is faster for complete table clearing. REMOVE is not a standard SQL command for this purpose.

The relational database model is fundamentally based on tables (relations) that store data in rows and columns. Data is organized into tables with defined relationships between them through keys. While relational databases do store records, the defining characteristic is the tabular structure. Treelike structures describe hierarchical databases, and complex logical relationships exist in network databases, not relational ones.

DROP is the SQL command used to permanently remove database objects like tables and indexes. DELETE removes rows from a table but doesn't delete the table structure itself. DROP is part of Data Definition Language (DDL) operations.

SELECT DISTINCT is the SQL command that eliminates duplicate rows from query results, returning only unique values. DISTINCT is a keyword that filters out repeated rows in the specified columns. SELECT UNIQUE and SELECT DIFFERENT are not valid SQL syntax.

Yes, it displays all the data that exist in the table.

SQL is commonly categorized into 4 main types: DDL (Data Definition Language) for schema operations, DML (Data Manipulation Language) for data operations, DCL (Data Control Language) for permissions, and TCL (Transaction Control Language) for transaction management. Some classifications may include DQL separately, but 4 is the standard answer.

Data Manipulation Language (DML) is used to query and manipulate existing data in database objects. DML includes commands like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE that work with the data within tables. DDL creates or modifies table structures, while DCL manages permissions and TCL controls transactions.

Oracle Reports is the application development tool specifically designed for developing and executing reports in the Oracle environment. SQL*Plus is a query interface, PL/SQL is a procedural language extension, and Oracle Forms is for building forms-based applications, but Reports is the dedicated reporting tool.

Yes, Delete, Insert and Update change the data in the table.

In a customer database, a customer’s surname would be keyed into a record.