"Alaler Gharer Dulal" (1858) by Tekchand Thakur is widely regarded as the first Bengali novel, preceding Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay's works. This novel satirized Bengali middle-class society and marked the transition from traditional prose to modern novel form. "Nil Darpan" (1860) was a play, while "Ananda Math" (1882) came much later and is Bankim Chandra's famous novel, not the first.