Sportsmen and hunters contribute the most to wildlife conservation through taxes on hunting equipment, licenses, and fees. In the United States, the Pittman-Robertson Act (1937) imposes an 11% excise tax on firearms, ammunition, and archery equipment, generating billions for conservation. Hunters and anglers also pay for licenses and stamps directly funding wildlife agencies. Humane societies focus on animal welfare, not habitat conservation. Farmers, ranchers, campers, and hikers generally don't pay dedicated conservation funding at this scale.