The semicolon (;) is used to separate multiple commands on a single line in UNIX shells, allowing sequential execution. $ is for variables, # for comments, : has other uses.
The semicolon ; is the standard shell command separator, letting you place multiple independent commands on one line where each runs in sequence regardless of the previous command's exit status. $ is used for variable expansion, # starts a comment, and : is a shell no-op builtin — none of them separate sequential commands.