Hedging in linguistics refers to the use of cautious or vague language, typically through words and phrases that modify adjectives and adverbs. Common hedges like 'somewhat', 'quite', 'rather', 'fairly', and 'very' modify adjectives (somewhat expensive), while hedges like 'possibly', 'perhaps', and 'maybe' modify adverbs and verbs. Nouns (A), verbs (B), and indirect objects (C) are not the primary grammatical categories associated with hedging.