Multiple choice

Which of these best describes the Mandate of Heaven?

  1. Introduced by Zhou, dynasties must maintain divine support

  2. The emperor is always executing divine will

  3. Provides moral reasoning behind Confucian examination

  4. Shang dynasty oracles communicated with it through sacrifice
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A Correct answer
Explanation

The Mandate of Heaven was a political and religious doctrine introduced by the Zhou dynasty to justify their overthrow of the Shang, stating that the ruler must be virtuous to maintain divine favor.

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