Multiple choice What does a Ribosome do? Converts chemical energy in food to usable compounds Assembles proteins and lipids Synthesize Proteins Break down and recycle molecules Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself C Correct answer Explanation The primary function of a ribosome is to synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains. Mitochondria convert chemical energy, and lysosomes break down molecules.