This question appears to ask about the origin of the thermometer without stating it explicitly. The modern mercury thermometer was invented by Gabriel Fahrenheit in Germany (1714), while earlier thermometric devices were developed in Italy by Galileo Galilei (thermoscope, ~1593) and Santorio Santorio (adding a scale, 1612). Given the options, Italy is the most defensible answer as the birthplace of early temperature measurement devices, though Germany could also be correct depending on which thermometer type is specified.