Which mathematician is credited for Group Theory?

Évariste Galois is credited with founding group theory, making fundamental contributions to abstract algebra before his death at age 20 in 1832. Despite the typo in the option ("Evartiste" instead of "Évariste"), this is the correct answer. Descartes founded analytic geometry and Cartesian coordinate systems, Gauss made contributions across multiple fields, Archimedes pioneered ancient mathematics and physics, and Pascal developed probability theory and Pascal's triangle - none founded group theory.