In context, which of the following should be inserted at the beginning of sentence 5 ?
PASSAGE-I
Direction for questions 1 to 6: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.
The Scarlet Letter
(1)Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter is famous for presenting some of the greatest interpretive difficulties in all of American literature. (2) The novel is regarded as Hawthorne’s greatest accomplishment, which he tends to deny. (3) But frequently as the greatest novel in American literary history. (4) After it was published in 1980, critics hailed it as initiating a distinctive American literary tradition. (5) It is a novel in which, in terms of action, almost nothing happens. (6) Hawthorne’s emotional, psychological drama revolves around Hester Prynne. (7) The civil and Puritan authorities in colonial Boston convicted her as she was indulged in adultery. (8) She is condemned to wear the scarlet letter “A” on her chest as a permanent sign of her sin. (9) The narrative describes the effort to resolve the torment suffered by Hester and her co-adulterer, the minister Arthur Dimmesdale, in many years of their affair. (10) In fact, the story excludes even the representation of the passionate moment which enables the entire novel. (11) It begins at the close of Hester’s imprisonment many months after her affair and proceeds through many years to her final acceptance of her place in the community as the wearer of the scarlet letter. (12) Hawthorne was masterful in the use of symbolism, and the scarlet letter “A” stands as his most potent symbol, around which interpretations of the novel revolve. (13) At one interpretive pole the “A” stands for adultery and sin, and the novel is the story of individual punishment and reconciliation. (14) At another pole it stands for America and allegory, and the story suggests national sin and its human cost. (15) The most convincing reading, taking account of all others, sees the “A” as a symbol of ambiguity, the very fact of multiple interpretations and the difficulty of achieving consensus.