The valency of the elements is not a periodic property. It is the combining power of an element. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry called it as: The maximum number of univalent atoms, that may combine with an atom of the element under consideration, or with a fragment, or for which an atom of this element can be substituted. So, valency of all the element is basically how many electrons an element can donate or an element can accept to form an ionic bond.