The Barren Island constitutes of

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Barren Island, a possession of India in the Andaman Sea, about 135 km NE of Port Blair in the Andaman Islands, is the only historically active volcano along the N-S-trending volcanic arc extending between Sumatra and Burma (Myanmar). The 354-m-high island is the summit of a volcano that rises from a depth of about 2250 m.

The small, uninhabited 3-km-wide island contains a roughly 2-km-wide crater with walls 250-350 m high. The crater, which is open to the sea on the west, was created during a major explosive eruption thousands of years ago that produced lava-flow and surge deposits. The morphology of a fresh volcanic cone that was constructed in the center of the crater has varied during the course of historical eruptions. Lava flows fill much of the crater floor and have reached the sea.
The island, an uninhabited place, is accessible only to Coast Guard and naval ships maintaining regular patrol in the area. The volcano has been dormant since the last few years and there was no volcanic activity even after the tsunami that struck the Indian coastal areas on December 26, 2004.