The European Economic Community (EEC) was established on January 1, 1958, when the Treaty of Rome came into effect. The treaty was signed in 1957, but implementation began in 1958. The EEC was created by six founding countries: France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg. It eventually evolved into the European Union through subsequent treaties (Maastricht in 1992 created the EU). Many students remember 1957 (signing year) but the operational establishment was 1958, making Option B correct.