Directions: The following sentence tests correctness and effectiveness of expression. Part of the sentence or the entire sentence is underlined. Beneath the sentence are five ways of phrasing the underlined material. Choice (1) repeats the original phrasing; the other four choices are different. If you think the original phrasing produces a better sentence than any of the alternatives, select choice (1). If not, select one of the other choices.

Although nothing that could be called a spelling reform “movement” existed until the 19^th century, there was earlier period when this subject was much in the air and a number of people were writing about it.