Multiple choice

All are essential components of TOF except:

  1. Valvular pulmonic stenosis

  2. Right ventricular hypertrophy

  3. Infundibular stenosis

  4. Aorta overriding
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A Correct answer
Explanation

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) consists of four essential components: ventricular septal defect (VSD), right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (typically infundibular/subvalvular pulmonary stenosis), overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. Valvular pulmonic stenosis is NOT part of the classic tetrad - the obstruction is infundibular (subvalvular) rather than at the valve itself. This distinction is important for surgical planning and prognosis.

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