A is charged with travelling on a train without a ticket. The burden of proving that A had a ticket is on

Option (1) is incorrect: Under the Indian Evidence Act, the ticket checker is under no burden to prove the existence of ticket. Option (2) is incorrect: Under the Indian Evidence Act, the Railways is under no burden to prove the existence of ticket. Option (3) is correct: Under Section 103 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, burden of proof as to any particular fact lies on that person who wishes the court to believe in its existence. So, burden of proof is on A himself. Option (4) is incorrect: Prosecution is Railways in the fact and the Railways is under no obligation to proof the facts of existence of ticket.