Multiple choice

Electrophile used in the nitration of Benzene is

  1. hydronium ion.

  2. sulphonic acid.

  3. nitronium ion.

  4. bromide ion.
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C Correct answer
Explanation

Nitration of benzene requires the nitronium ion (NO2+) as the electrophile. This species is generated in situ by the reaction of concentrated nitric acid with concentrated sulfuric acid, which acts as a dehydrating agent. The nitronium ion attacks the electron-rich benzene ring in an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

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