Mikhail Tal held the World Chess Championship title for only about one year (1960-1961), making his reign among the shortest in history. He defeated Mikhail Botvinnik in 1960 but lost the rematch in 1961. Capablanca held it for 6 years, Smyslov for 1 year, and Euwe for 2 years - though Smyslov's reign was similarly brief.