Slavery was definitively abolished in all French colonies on April 27, 1848, under the Second Republic following the 1848 Revolution. Victor Schoelcher, the under-secretary for the navy, was instrumental in this decree. 1789 (French Revolution - slavery still existed), 1810 (Napoleonic era - slavery had been reinstated), and 1856 (after abolition) are incorrect - 1848 is the correct year of permanent abolition.