Directions: Choose the correct option to fill in the blanks.

Etruscans - ancient Rome’s ________ rivals - are buried deep in Europe’s historical memory; the modern world ________ much to these sophisticated artists and accomplished builders, even though we know next to nothing about their language.

First blank should be in tandem with rivals, which implies that it should intensify the thought of all these options, ‘bitter’ in (5) seems the probable choice. “Even though” in latter part of sentence sets up the contrast between what follows it and what precedes it. As the phrase following even though tends to give a negative view, therefore, the phrase that precedes it must shadow positive view. Thus, “owes” in (5) fits our prediction and hence, is the answer.