Feroz Shah Tughlaq (1351-1388) established the first formal Department of Public Works (Diwan-i-Kherat) to undertake construction and maintenance activities. He built an extensive network of canals, mosques, caravanserais, and other infrastructure projects. Earlier rulers like Iltumish, Balban, and Alauddin Khalji did undertake construction but did not create a separate department for public works.