Consider the following statements: I. Equitable ownership always pre-supposes the existence of a legal ownership. II. When property is given by A to B for the benefit of C, B becomes the legal owner and C the equitable owner. Ill. In many cases, equity recognises ownership whereas law does not recognize ownership owing to some flaw or defect. IV. Contingent ownership is spes successions

Statement I is correct - equitable ownership (beneficial interest) exists alongside legal ownership, like in a trust. Statement II is correct - in a trust A→B for C's benefit, B holds legal title, C has equitable interest. Statement III is correct - equity may recognize ownership when law doesn't due to technical defects. Statement IV is correct - contingent ownership (succession upon uncertain event) is literally 'hope of succession' (spes successionis).